List of experimental sentences, a) predictable, b) unpredictable |
Target words are boldfaced, with no–switch condition target words in parenthesis. |
Comprehension questions were presented with two answer choices in parenthesis, with the correct answer boldfaced. |
1a. |
Chris went to his postbox to pick up the new carta (letter) from his unhappy boss. |
1b. |
Chris went to his apartment to pick up the new carta (letter) from his unhappy boss. |
|
Was the boss happy? (yes, no) |
2a. |
After growing up in small town Alex wanted to live in a large ciudad (city) after graduating. |
2b. |
After growing up with his aunt Alex wanted to live in a large ciudad (city) after graduating. |
|
Does Alex know where to live after graduating? (yes, no) |
3a. |
The playground was filled with many niños (children) from the nursery next door. |
3b. |
The backyard was filled with many niños (children) from the nursery next door. |
|
Where are the children from? (nursery, kindergarten) |
4a. |
On Sunday morning we went to the oldest iglesia (church) nearby and had lunch with the pastor. |
4b. |
On Friday afternoon we went to the oldest iglesia (church) nearby and had lunch with the pastor. |
|
Who was the lunch with? (pastor, monk) |
5a. |
The stream was much easier to cross with the wide puente (bridge) built over it. |
5b. |
The area was much easier to cross with the wide puente (bridge) built over it. |
|
Was the new construction helpful? (yes, no) |
6a. |
The dentist told me to carefully brush my unhealthy dientes (teeth) after every meal. |
6b. |
The doctor told me to carefully clean my unhealthy dientes (teeth) after every meal. |
|
Was the liver unhealthy? (yes, no) |
7a. |
The children with their swimming suits jumped into the giant piscina (pool) on a warm day. |
7b. |
The children with their colorful shirts dashed to the giant piscina (pool) on a warm day. |
|
How was the temperature on the day? (warm, hot) |
8a. |
Mary bought a mop to sweep the filthy piso (floor) for the first time in two years. |
8b. |
Mary bought a rag to clean the filthy piso (floor) for the first time in two years. |
|
How many years ago did Mary clean the floor? (two, three) |
9a. |
Her family had Thanksgiving dinner on Thursday tarde (evening) for the first time in a while. |
9b. |
Her family made holiday food on Thursday tarde (evening) for the first time in a while. |
|
Does her family make the holiday food often? (yes, no) |
10a. |
The Wright brothers spent many years inventing a working avión (plane) after many experiments. |
10b. |
The gifted brothers spent many years inventing a working avión (plane) after many experiments. |
|
Was inventing the plane easy? (yes, no) |
11a. |
The open wound was covered with endless sangre (blood) and Jessica fainted after seeing it. |
11b. |
The carpet floor was covered with endless sangre (blood) and Jessica fainted after seeing it. |
|
Did Jessica faint? (yes, no) |
12a. |
As the presentation was over Rebecca raised her hand to ask some preguntas (questions) at the end. |
12b. |
As the argument was over Rebecca raised her hand to add some preguntas (questions) at the end. |
|
Who raised her hand? (Rebecca, Rachel) |
13a. |
Some people ran down the busy calle (street) while throwing tomatoes at each other. |
13b. |
Some people ran to the busy calle (street) while throwing tomatoes at each other. |
|
What were they throwing at each other? (tomatoes, potatoes) |
14a. |
At the cash register I realized I didn’t have enough dinero (money) to pay for my groceries. |
14b. |
At the last minute I realized I didn’t have enough dinero (money) to pay for my groceries. |
|
What was I trying to buy? (groceries, gifts) |
15a. |
James gathered his shovels to prepare the olive jardín (garden) for the upcoming storm. |
15b. |
James gathered his tools to prepare the olive jardín (garden) for the upcoming storm. |
|
What did James prepare for? (winter, storm) |
16a. |
In his office Mark had a large desk and a small silla (chair) that was comfortable. |
16a. |
In his office Mark had a whiteboard and a small silla (chair) that was comfortable. |
|
Does Mark have an office? (yes, no) |
17a. |
Even with the right amount of sugar the cake was overly dulce (sweet) for anyone who tried. |
17a. |
Even with the right amount of planning it was overly dulce (sweet) for anyone who tried. |
|
Did people like the food? (yes, no) |
18a. |
The sun set behind the ocean as the boys sat on the public playa (beach) before the bonfire. |
18b. |
The sun set behind the horizon as the boys were at the public playa (beach) before the bonfire. |
|
What are they doing later? (surfing, bonfire) |
19a. |
Gail read about the strike in the local periódico (newspaper) and called her boss. |
19b. |
Gail read about the restaurant in the local periódico (newspaper) and called her boss. |
|
Who did Gail call? (boyfriend, boss) |
20a. |
The student ran across the classroom to the stern maestra (teacher) after getting the exam back. |
20b. |
The children ran across the yard to the stern maestra (teacher) after getting the exam back. |
|
What did they get back? (exam, paper) |
21a. |
Ed put his apron on in the shiny cocina (kitchen) while yelling about the burnt meat. |
21b. |
Ed put his slippers on in the shiny cocina (kitchen) while yelling about the burnt meat. |
|
What was burnt? (meat, egg) |
22a. |
Jacob woke up in the middle of a vivid sueño (dream) in which he was travelling to outer space. |
22b. |
Jacob flinched in the middle of a vivid sueño (dream) in which he was travelling to outer space. |
23a. |
Henry stared at the cloudy sky and asked if more lluvia (rain) was expected later. |
23b. |
Henry stared at the distant hill and asked if more lluvia (rain) was expected later. |
24a. |
After working out Jake reached for the cold trago (drink) to quench his thirst. |
24b. |
After the event Jake reached for the cold trago (drink) to quench his thirst. |
25a. |
Cooper struggled through the wind to close the glass ventana (window) as the dust storm raged on. |
25b. |
Cooper struggled through the wind to get the glass ventana (window) as the dust storm raged on. |
26a. |
Isabella wrote invitation letters for the exciting party (fiesta) that afternoon. |
26b. |
Isabella wrote interesting letters about the exciting party (fiesta) that afternoon. |
27a. |
The secretary cut the sheets of business papel (paper) into little bits until none was left. |
27b. |
The advisor cut the bulks of business papel (paper) into little bits until none was left. |
28a. |
The scent of breakfast filled the air in the early mañana (morning) as the sun was shining. |
28b. |
The scent of flowers filled the air in the early mañana (morning) as the sun was shining. |
29a. |
Eva loves to shop for groceries at the neighborhood mercado (market) in the summer. |
29b. |
Eva loves to look for flowers at the neighborhood mercado (market) in the summer. |
30a. |
Jenny refused to wear the uniforms that her private escuela (school) forced all students to wear. |
30b. |
Jenny refused to wear the clothes that her private escuela (school) forced all students to wear. |
31a. |
The children darted into the mysterious green bosque (forest) as the hunter followed behind. |
31b. |
The children darted towards the strange green bosque (forest) as the hunter followed behind. |
32a. |
Kate bought red papers for Valentine’s Day and cut them into corazón (heart) shaped pieces. |
32b. |
Kate bought craft papers for the special day and cut them into corazón (heart) shaped pieces. |
33a. |
Alexandra took the baked cookies out of her brand new horno (oven) and smelled it. |
33b. |
Alexandra took the tasty food out of her brand new horno (oven) and smelled it. |
34a. |
John put cheese on the trap to catch the noisy ratón (mouse) that lives in the attic. |
34b. |
John put bait on the trap to catch the noisy ratóon (mouse) that lives in the attic. |
35a. |
For Halloween we bought tools to carve a large calabaza (pumpkin) to place next to the door. |
35b. |
For the class we bought tools to carve a large calabaza (pumpkin) to place next to the door. |
36a. |
The patisserie brought the sack of white harina (flour) to try the new recipe. |
36b. |
The chef brought a full bowl of white harina (flour) to try the new recipe. |
37a. |
The police sat down in front of the jewel ladrón (thief) and looked at him. |
37b. |
The child sat down in front of the jewel ladrón (thief) and looked at him. |
38a. |
The little prey squeaked as the bald águila (eagle) glided down to snatch it away. |
38b. |
The little animal looked up as the bald águila (eagle) glided down to snatch it away. |
39a. |
Sam went to the dumpster to throw away the full bag of nasty basura (garbage) that was very old. |
39b. |
Sam went down to the basement to gather the full bag of nasty basura (garbage) that was very old. |
40a. |
Janet dried her dog with the white toalla (towel) after the heavy rain. |
40b. |
Janet patted her dog with the white toalla (towel) after the heavy rain. |
41a. |
Angela made a pumpkin pie using a special receta (recipe) that she got from her grandmother. |
41b. |
Angela made something new with a special receta (recipe) that she got from her grandmother. |
42a. |
I usually wash my dishes with a soft esponja (sponge) that I bought from the grocery store. |
42b. |
I usually wash my feet with a soft esponja (sponge) that I bought from the grocery store. |
43a. |
The kids decided to skip the meal to enjoy the sweet postre (dessert) that Sarah made. |
43b. |
The kids decided to skip the line to enjoy the sweet postre (dessert) that Sarah made. |
44a. |
Sean was asked to blow and tie up the yellow globo (balloon) for the birthday party. |
44b. |
Sean was asked to reach and hold the yellow globo (balloon) for the birthday party. |
45a. |
The witch looked for a tree branch to transform into a useful escoba (broom) she wanted to have. |
45b. |
The woman looked for a tree branch to transform into a useful escoba (broom) she wanted to have. |
46a. |
The cleaning product removed the strange mancha (stain) in seconds after it touched the clothes. |
46b. |
The interesting product left the strange mancha (stain) in seconds after it touched the clothes. |
47a. |
The astronauts gazed into the sky to see a trace of the flying cohete (rocket) they sent earlier. |
47b. |
The scientists gazed into the sky to see a trace of the flying cohete (rocket) they sent earlier. |
48a. |
The ice cream sundae was topped with a ripe cereza (cherry) on the top. |
48b. |
The ice cream sundae was served with a ripe cereza (cherry) on the top. |
49a. |
She took her mittens and a woolen bufanda (scarf) out of the storage chest. |
49b. |
She took her leggings and a woolen bufanda (scarf) out of the storage chest. |
50a. |
At a dark fall night you can hear the chirping grillo (cricket) on the back porch. |
50b. |
At a dark quiet time you can hear the chirping grillo (cricket) on the back porch. |
51a. |
Aladdin asked Genie whether he could get a flying alfombra (carpet) for his birthday present. |
51b. |
Trevor asked Annie whether he could get a flying alfombra (carpet) for his birthday present. |
52a. |
Emma pulled back the plastic shower cortina (curtain) and stepped into the tub. |
52b. |
Emma glanced at the new shower cortina (curtain) and stepped into the tub. |
53a. |
The girl went into the bathtub with soap and made burbuja (bubble) with the soap. |
53b. |
The girl went out to the backyard with toys and made burbuja (bubble) with the soap. |
54a. |
One must press the round botón (button) in order for the machine to work. |
54b. |
One must touch the round botón (button) in order for the machine to work. |
55a. |
Snow White bit into the poisoned manzana (apple) that the wicked witch had given her. |
55b. |
The woman checked the poisoned manzana (apple) that the wicked witch had given her. |
56a. |
Tom set up the trap for Jerry with a piece of small queso (cheese) hanging from the ceiling. |
56b. |
Robert set up a prank for Ian with a piece of small queso (cheese) hanging from the ceiling. |
57a. |
San Francisco was devastated after the large terremoto (earthquake) many years ago. |
57b. |
The island was devastated after the large terremoto (earthquake) many years ago. |
58a. |
Before the game the goalkeeper put on his leather guante (glove) as he waved at his fans. |
58b. |
Before the show the comedian bought a leather guante (glove) as he waved at his fans. |
59a. |
The golden glove winner showed off his proud trofeo (trophy) that he finally won. |
59b. |
The happy young man showed off the proud trofeo (trophy) that he finally won. |
60a. |
The shore near the sea had few eggs that a green tortuga (turtle) laid last week. |
60b. |
The place near the tree had few eggs that a green tortuga (turtle) laid last week. |
61a. |
The beautiful bride glided down the aisle to the nervous novio (groom) and handed him flowers. |
61b. |
The little girls glided down the aisle to the nervous novio (groom) and handed him flowers. |
62a. |
I shrieked when I saw the large hairy araña (spider) that was crawling under the table. |
62b. |
I shrieked when I saw the wild hairy araña (spider) that was crawling under the table. |
63a. |
James put the book back on the wooden estante (shelf) and hurried out of the room. |
63b. |
James put the paper back on the wooden estante (shelf) and hurried out of the room. |
64a. |
Lily took out her sewing kit and put on her small silver dedal (thimble) before mending. |
64b. |
Lily took out her toolbox and put on her small silver dedal (thimble) before mending. |