Fig. 2.

Propagation of alphavirus genomes without capsid upon cell transfection. a BHK cells were electroporated with the indicated alphavirus vector RNAs and co-cultured with non-electroporated cells at a ratio of 1:20. Cells were fixed at the indicated times and analysed by IF with α-nsp2 serum (b), α-spikes serum (c and upper images in e), or a monoclonal antibody specific for SIN E2 protein (lower images in d). GFP expression was visualized with the appropriate filter (upper images in d). Lower images in e show DAPI staining of nuclei. All panels correspond to a representative experiment from at least two independent experiments performed in triplicate with similar results. Magnification of images is ×200 (b–d) or ×100 (e). Scale bar in all images: 50 μm