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. 2012 Sep 25;405(1):91–108. doi: 10.1007/s00216-012-6399-3

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© Springer-Verlag 2012

This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.

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Fig. 4 — Mean, range and 95 % confidence intervals of the mean for faecal indicator organisms (FIOs) (expressed as log₁₀ CFU/100 mL) and Bacteroidales marker concentrations (gene copies/100 mL) in crude sewage (blue circle), secondary treated sewage (red triangle) and UV-disinfected sewage (green dot). The secondary treatment sewage that was significantly different from the mean of the crude extract (*) and UV-disinfected sewage that was significantly different from the secondary treated sewage (**) are also indicated in the figure (adapted from [168])