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In a SPR biosensor based on a prism coupler and working in Kretschmann geometry with the ATR method, light is totally reflected by a thin gold layer (50 nm) that excites the surface plasmons (SPs) and generates a SPW (a). The affinity binding between bioreceptors and analytes causes a change of refractive index vs. time (b) entailing a shift of the reflectivity curve vs wavelength of source light or angle of reflected light (c)
