Table 2.
Patient characteristics before ECMO institution: comparison between patients with confirmed with influenza A(H1N1) (ARDSH1N1) and those with other diagnoses (ARDSother)
| ARDSH1N1 (n = 49) | ARDSother (n = 11) | |
|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 39 (32–46) | 44 (35–55) |
| Male sex | 28 (57) | 8 (73) |
| BMI (kg m−2) | 27.5 (24–35) | 29.4 (26–35) |
| MV days before ECMO | 2 (1–5)* | 8 (1–14) |
| MV ≤ 7 days | 43 (88)* | 5 (45) |
| SAPS II | 30 (23–38) | 30 (24–35) |
| Co-morbidity factors | ||
| Obesity | 19 (39) | 4 (36) |
| Asthma and chronic lung disease | 6 (12) | 1 (9) |
| Pregnancy or postpartum | 4 (8) | 0 (0) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 3 (6) | 2 (18) |
| Respiratory severity and ventilatory parameters before ECMO | ||
| CRX infiltrate, n quadrants | 4 (3–4) | 4 (4–4) |
| PaO2/FiO2 (mmHg) | 63.3 (56–79) | 63 (47–79) |
| PaCO2 (mmHg) | 57 (47.5–71.5) | 59 (53–78) |
| pH | 7.3 (7.22–7.4) | 7.31 (7.21–7.4) |
| FiO2 | 1 (1–1) | 1 (1–1) |
| PEEP (cmH2O) | 16 (14–19) | 16 (14–19) |
| Vt/kg IBW (ml/kg) | 6.2 (4.7–7.1) | 7.19 (4.6–10.1) |
| Respiratory rate (bpm) | 26 (20–33) | 30 (20–33) |
| Peak airway pressure (cmH2O) | 33 (30–39) | 32 (30–36) |
| Plateau airway pressure (cmH2O) | 33 (30–35) | 32 (30–35) |
| Mean airway pressure (cmH2O) | 24 (22–27) | 22 (20–25) |
| Acute lung injury score | 3.75 (3.3–3.75) | 3.5 (3.25–3.75) |
| OI (mmHg cmH2O) | 36.3 (31–50) | 33.9 (28–47.5) |
| Rescue therapies and adjunctive therapies before ECMO | ||
| Recruitment maneuvers | 33 (70) | 7 (64) |
| Prone positioning | 13 (28) | 3 (27) |
| HFOV | 2 (4) | 2 (18) |
| iNO | 7 (15) | 3 (27) |
| Vasoactive drugs | 30 (62) | 7 (64) |
| Steroid therapy | 16 (33) | 4 (36) |
| None | 14 (29) | 4 (36) |
| Nonrespiratory organ function before ECMO | ||
| Heart rate (bpm) | 105 (90–120) | 103 (80–112) |
| Mean arterial pressure (mmHg) | 76 (65–86) | 78 (70–80) |
| SOFA score | 7 (6–9) | 6 (6–10) |
| Ht (%) | 32.5 (30–37.2) | 32.9 (29.5–39) |
| Platelet count (×103/μl) | 153 (109–268) | 145 (110–240) |
| Creatinine (mg/dl) | 0.8 (0.7–1.3) | 0.74 (0.45–1.1) |
| Bilirubin (mg/dl) | 0.9 (0.6–1.5) | 0.8 (0.55–1.2) |
Data presented as n (%) for categorical variables and median (interquartile range) for parametric variables
BMI Body mass index, MV mechanical ventilation, SAPS II simplified acute physiology score, CRX chest X ray, PaO 2 /FiO 2 arterial partial pressure of oxygen to inspired oxygen fraction ratio, PaCO 2 arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide, PEEP positive end-expiratory pressure, Vt/kg IBW tidal volume indexed by ideal body weight, OI oxygenation index (computed as FiO2 × mean airway pressure × 100/PaO2), HFOV high frequency oscillatory ventilation, iNO inhaled nitric oxide, SOFA sepsis-related organ failure assessment, Ht hematocrit
* P < 0.05 ARDSH1N1 versus ARDSother