Fig 5. GSLs are significantly increased in OP-treated primary mesangial cells.
Primary MRL/lpr mesangial cells were incubated with OP or vehicle (water) prior to addition of 10% MRL/lpr lupus serum or left untreated. A) NEU activity was measured in live cells. B) Levels of Cers and glycosphingolipids HexCers, LacCers, and GM3s were quantified for each chain length and totaled. C) Sphingolipids sphingosine (So), dihydrosphingosine (DHSo), spingosine-1 phosphate (S1P), and dihydrospingosine-1 phosphate (DHS1P) were quantified. Lipid levels are presented as pmol lipid per 106 cells. Means with standard deviations are provided for all graphs. P-values were calculated as described in the materials and methods.