CXCL1 overexpression enhanced radioresistance in GBM cell lines. A and B, qRT‐PCR analysis was performed to determine the overexpression efficiency of CXCL1 in U87 and U251 cell lines (**P < .01, with t test). C and D, The overexpression of CXCL1 protein was detected by Western blot in U87 and U251 transfected with CXCL1‐overexpression lentivirus. E and F, In vitro cell proliferation assays were performed by using different interventions as indicated in U87 and U251 cell lines. (IR, ionizing radiation; ***P < .001, *P < .05, with one‐way ANOVA followed by Dunnett's post‐test). G, Flow cytometry analysis using Annexin V and propidium iodide for apoptotic ratio analysis in U87 and U251 cells pretreated with indicated interventions