Comparison 2. Use of initial sustained inflation vs standard inflations in newborns receiving resuscitation with chest compressions.

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Death	1		Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
1.1 Death before discharge	1	9	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	4.17 [0.25, 68.16]
2 Endotracheal intubation	1		Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
2.1 Endotracheal intubation in the delivery room	1	9	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.0 [0.68, 1.46]
3 Surfactant administration	1		Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
3.1 Surfactant given in the delivery room	1	9	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.65 [0.31, 1.35]
4 Chronic lung disease	1		Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
4.1 Moderate to severe BPD	1	7	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.89 [0.33, 2.37]
5 Pneumothorax	1		Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
5.1 At any time	1	9	Risk Difference (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.0 [‐0.34, 0.34]
6 Cranial ultrasound abnormalities	1		Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
6.1 Intraventricular haemorrhage grade 3 to 4	1	9	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.4 [0.05, 2.98]
6.2 IVH any grade	1	9	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.28 [0.07, 1.15]
7 Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) stage ≥ 3	1	9	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.27 [0.04, 1.68]
8 Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)	1		Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
8.1 PDA ‐ pharmacological treatment	1	9	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.46 [0.17, 1.25]