Table 2.
Estimates for Regression Models Showing Linear and Nonlinear Effects for Adolescent Sleep Minutes on Adjustment Variables
| Externalizing | Internalizing | Depression | Anxiety | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Estimate (SE) | Estimate (SE) | Estimate (SE) | Estimate (SE) | |
| Intercept | 49.52*** (1.37) | 50.85*** (1.64) | 8.23*** (0.87) | 11.32*** (1.00) |
| Sex | 1.01 (2.23) | −4.12 (2.60) | −1.83 (1.38) | −4.86** (1.59) |
| Race/ethnicity | −1.59 (1.88) | 0.36 (2.33) | −0.30 (1.25) | −1.51 (1.46) |
| SES | 0.01 (0.54) | −0.25 (0.67) | −0.45 (0.37) | −0.46 (0.41) |
| zBMI | −0.02 (0.81) | −0.18 (0.99) | −0.17 (0.60) | 0.05 (0.66) |
| Sleep minutes | 0.33 (1.51) | −2.55 (1.70) | 0.05 (0.93) | −1.48 (1.06) |
| Sleep minutes2 | 1.41 (1.24) | 0.81 (1.41) | −0.45 (0.76) | 0.46 (0.87) |
| Sleep minutes x Sex | −2.82 (2.54) | 0.60 (2.90) | −2.45 (1.56) | −0.37 (1.79) |
| Sleep minutes2 x Sex | −2.49 (1.80) | −0.68 (2.05) | −0.14 (1.10) | −0.02 (1.25) |
| R2 | .04 (0.04) | .05 (0.04) | .06 (0.04) | .11* (0.05) |
Note. Unstandardized parameter estimates and standard errors are reported. Sex was coded as 0 = female, 1 = male; race/ethnicity was coded as 0 = White, 1 = Black. SES = socioeconomic status (income-to-needs ratio); zBMI = standardized body mass index; Externalizing problems and internalizing symptoms were derived with YSR (T scores); depression symptoms were derived with CDI; anxiety symptoms were derived with RCMAS-2.
*
p < .05.
**
p ≤ .01.
***
p < .001.