Fig. 1. Monocytes, macrophages, and their progenitors express CD98hc.

Bone marrow cells were isolated from C57Bl/6 wild-type (WT) mice. Monocyte–macrophage dendritic cell progenitors, (MDP), common monocyte progenitors (cMoP) and monocytes (Mo) were analyzed for CD98hc expression. a After gating on viable, CD115⁺ and lineage-negative cells, MDPs were identified as, CD117⁺, CD135⁺, Ly6C⁻, and CD11b⁻ cells. cMoPs were defined as CD117⁺, CD135⁻, Ly6C⁺, and CD11b⁻ cells, and monocytes characterized as CD117⁻, CD135⁻, and CD11b⁺ cells with Ly6C^high, Ly6C^mid, and Ly6C^low expression. b Expression and c median fluorescence intensity (MFI) of the glycoprotein CD98hc by indicated monocytes and their progenitors. (n = 5 independent animals). d In the colonic lamina propria, after gating on viable and lineage-negative population, CD11b⁺ cells were used for further classification. CCR2/CD64 dot plots were obtained by gating on CD11b⁺ cells to discriminate CCR2⁺/CD64⁻ and CCR2⁺/CD64⁺ monocytes from CD64⁺/CCR2⁻ macrophages (Mφ), which were further distinguished by Ly6C and MHCII staining. e Representative scanning electron microscopy images of colonic monocytes and macrophages. f Expression and g MFI of CD98hc in distinct populations FMO controls are indicated by red histograms, blue histograms indicate CD98hc stained cells. Numbers in histogram plots indicated the percentage of CD98hc⁺ cells (b, f). Each dot represents one independent animal; the mean is indicated. The data were analyzed by Kruskal–Wallis test followed by Dunn’s correction; *p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001 (c, g). Experiments were performed thrice with three to five biological replicates in each group.