Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics and Comparison Between Groups
| Intervention, n (%) | Control, n (%) | p | |
| Gender | |||
| Male | 34 (48.6%) | 36 (50.7%) | |
| Female | 36 (51.4%) | 35 (49.3%) | 0.867 |
| Ethnicity | |||
| White | 46 (65.7%) | 41 (57.7%) | |
| Non-white | 24 (34.3%) | 30 (42.3%) | 0.330 |
| Income | |||
| High | 30 (42.8%) | 29 (40.9%) | |
| Medium/low | 40 (57.2%) | 42 (59.1%) | 0.808 |
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | p | |
| Age | 18.87 (1.81) | 19.07 (1.96) | 0.534 |
| FFMQ | 114.09 (17.99) | 119.90 (15.73) | 0.054 |
| DASS Depression | 4.47 (4.24) | 3.82 (3.77) | 0.345 |
| DASS Anxiety | 4.37 (3.50) | 3.87 (3.57) | 0.402 |
| DASS Stress | 8.68 (4.16) | 7.54 (3.98) | 0.102 |
| WHOQOL Physical | 14.80 (2.00) | 14.84 (2.20) | 0.906 |
| WHOQOL Psychological | 13.79 (1.89) | 14.63 (1.87) | 0.011 |
| WHOQOL Social | 15.67 (2.61) | 15.38 (2.75) | 0.534 |
| WHOQOL Environmental | 15.14 (2.08) | 14.89 (2.20) | 0.490 |
FFMQ, Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire; WHOQOL, World Health Organization Quality of Life questionnaire