Table 4.
Association of DSST Scores (by Quartile) with HRQoL and Work Productivity Scores in Crude and Adjusteda Analyses
| Assessment | Model | DSST Quartile at Baseline | df | Error df | F | Global P-value | Partial η2 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0–37 | 38–51 | 52–62 | 63–133 | |||||||
| HRQoL | Crude | 0.71 (0.69, 0.73) | 0.73 (0.72, 0.75) | 0.75 (0.73, 0.77) | 0.75 (0.73, 0.77) | 3 | 965 | 4.82 | 0.002 | 0.015 |
| PHQ-9 adjusted | 0.72 (0.70, 0.74) | 0.73 (0.71, 0.75) | 0.74 (0.73, 0.76) | 0.74 (0.72, 0.76) | 3 | 954 | 1.40 | 0.242 | 0.004 | |
| HAM-D17 adjusted | 0.72 (0.70, 0.74) | 0.73 (0.71, 0.75) | 0.75 (0.73, 0.77) | 0.74 (0.72, 0.77) | 3 | 959 | 1.43 | 0.233 | 0.004 | |
| SDS absenteeism | Crude | 2.05 (1.62, 2.47) | 2.05 (1.70, 2.40) | 2.14 (1.80, 2.49) | 1.88 (1.54, 2.22) | 3 | 737 | 0.38 | 0.767 | 0.002 |
| PHQ-9 adjusted | 2.27 (1.79, 2.75) | 2.28 (1.88, 2.67) | 2.32 (1.91, 2.73) | 2.08 (1.63, 2.54) | 3 | 726 | 0.32 | 0.811 | 0.001 | |
| HAM-D17 adjusted | 2.22 (1.74, 2.70) | 2.29 (1.90, 2.68) | 2.31 (1.90, 2.72) | 2.11 (1.66, 2.56) | 3 | 731 | 0.25 | 0.860 | 0.001 | |
| SDS presenteeism | Crude | 3.55 (3.14, 3.97) | 3.37 (3.03, 3.71) | 3.72 (3.38, 4.06) | 3.95 (3.61, 4.28) | 3 | 732 | 2.01 | 0.112 | 0.008 |
| PHQ-9 adjusted | 3.59 (3.14, 4.04) | 3.26 (2.89, 3.64) | 3.52 (3.14, 3.91) | 3.69 (3.26, 4.11) | 3 | 721 | 1.10 | 0.348 | 0.005 | |
| HAM-D17 adjusted | 3.63 (3.16, 4.10) | 3.26 (2.87, 3.64) | 3.46 (3.06, 3.87) | 3.59 (3.15, 4.03) | 3 | 726 | 0.87 | 0.456 | 0.004 | |
| WPAI absenteeism | Crude | 27.81 (20.43, 35.18) | 27.73 (21.61, 33.86) | 25.55 (19.71, 31.40) | 24.95 (18.88, 31.03) | 3 | 498 | 0.21 | 0.891 | 0.001 |
| PHQ-9 adjusted | 26.58 (18.34, 34.82) | 28.45 (21.42, 35.48) | 28.13 (21.00, 35.27) | 29.28 (21.20, 37.37) | 3 | 489 | 0.08 | 0.969 | 0.0005 | |
| HAM-D17 adjusted | 24.27 (16.05, 32.48) | 29.35 (22.42, 36.27) | 27.97 (20.94, 35.01) | 29.86 (21.87, 37.85) | 3 | 492 | 0.43 | 0.731 | 0.003 | |
| WPAI presenteeism | Crude | 53.82 (47.76, 59.88) | 53.68 (48.79, 58.56) | 54.48 (49.76, 59.20) | 55.87 (51.17, 60.58) | 3 | 440 | 0.16 | 0.922 | 0.001 |
| PHQ-9 adjusted | 54.27 (48.32, 60.21) | 53.05 (48.09, 58.01) | 52.75 (47.56, 57.95) | 52.68 (47.12, 58.24) | 3 | 431 | 0.06 | 0.979 | 0.0004 | |
| HAM-D17 adjusted | 53.56 (46.96, 60.16) | 52.41 (46.97, 57.85) | 50.76 (45.05, 56.47) | 50.64 (44.51, 56.77) | 3 | 434 | 0.20 | 0.895 | 0.001 | |
Notes: Data are presented as means with 95% confidence intervals. F statistic, global P-value and partial η2 were obtained via Type III sum of squares. aAge, sex, residential area and educational level also included as adjustment variables in the adjusted analyses.
Abbreviations: df, degrees of freedom; DSST, Digit Symbol Substitution Test; HAM-D17, 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale; HRQoL, health-related quality of life; PHQ-9, 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire; SDS, Sheehan Disability Scale; WPAI, Work Productivity and Activity Impairment.