Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2020 Mar 19;11:1453. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-15277-x

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

Fig. 2 — a Immunohistochemical amplification of ChR2-EYFP expression from a VIP-ChR2 mouse, showing terminal fields of the VIP neurons lying within the SPZ, PVN and ventral thalamus. b Light microscope images of a VIP-ChR2 brain slice on the pMEA with overlaid recording site locations (left) and schematic showing the percentage of identified cells displaying suppressions or slow-activation following 10 ms light flashes (right; n = 51 and 12 cells, respectively from 718 isolated neurons). c Response latencies for SCN VIP cells and SPZ, PVN and ventral thalamic cells exhibiting optogenetic-driven suppressions (VIPⁱⁿ) or slow-activation. Data analysed by multilevel mixed-effects linear model (F_2,44.89 = 18.0, P < 0.001) with Tukey post-tests. d, e Flash evoked single unit spike rasters over 24 h (left) and mean response histograms (right) for representative cells showing optogenetic-driven suppression (d) or slow-activation (e).