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. 2020 Jan 11;35(3):591–606. doi: 10.1007/s10980-019-00964-y

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 3 — The interaction strength between wind and bark beetle disturbances in different spatial configurations (panels) and climate scenarios (boxes). Values are reported for a Norway spruce percentage of 30% on the landscape. Values > 0 indicate positive, amplifying interactions. Y-axes were truncated to improve clarity. Boxes indicate the interquartile range, whiskers extend to the 1st and 99th percentiles, while dots represent outliers beyond these