Table 3. Cox proportionate hazard analysis for predictors of MDD recurrence (n = 145).

Variables		Recurrencen (%)		No Recurrence n (%)		Adjusted HRa	95% CI	p value
Age group	18–39	24	21.2	89	78.8	1
	40–65	17	20.5	66	79.5	0.778	(0.323–1.874)	0.575
Gender	Male	9	15.0	51	85.0	1
	Female	32	23.5	104	76.5	0.996	(0.401–2.476)	0.994
Educational level	Primary / Secondary/Certificate	20	17.7	93	82.3	1
	Diploma/Degree/ Postgraduate	21	25.3	62	74.7	1.252	(0.544–2.883)	0.597
Comorbidities	Yes	10	14.3	60	85.7	1
	No	31	23.7	100	76.3	0.936	(0.376–2.334)	0.888
Family History of psychiatric illness	Yes	45	83.3	9	16.7	1
	No	102	79.1	27	20.9	1.937	(0.804–4.666)	0.141
	Unsure	13	72.2	5	27.8	1.756	(0.478–6.448)	0.397
Severity	Mild to Moderate	20	17.4	95	82.6	1
	Severe	21	25.9	60	74.1	5.565	(1.631–18.994)	0.006*
Anxious Worrying	Low	27	19.0	115	81.0	1
	High	13	26.0	37	74.0	0.769	(0.285–2.071)	0.603
Irritability	Low	32	19.2	135	80.8	1
	High	7	28.0	18	72.0	1.328	(0.413–4.274)	0.634
Social Avoidance	Low	31	17.7	144	82.3	1
	High	8	50.0	8	50.0	3.525	(1.349–9.209)	0.010*
Interpersonal Sensitivity	Low	27	20.6	104	79.4	1
	High	12	21.4	44	78.6	0.942	(0.371–2.394)	0.900
Self-criticism	Low	4	7.5	49	92.5	1
	High	36	25.9	103	74.1	2.964	(0.810–10.850)	0.101
Effectiveness	Low	27	22.5	93	77.5	1
	High	10	16.7	50	83.3	1.048	(0.435–2.523)	0.917
TaqI	T/T	33	23.9	105	76.1	1
	T/C	7	15.6	38	84.4	0.700	(0.258–1.900)	0.483
	C/C	1	7.7	12	92.3	0.141	(0.016–1.264)	0.080
ApaI*Severity at first MDE
	ApaI*Severity					1
	b ApaI (1)*Severity					0.582	(0.181–1.876)	0.365
	b ApaI (2)*Severity					0.122	(0.024–0.610)	0.010*

^aHazard ratio, controlling for age and gender

^b Dummy variables: ApaI (1) = C/A; ApaI (2) = C/C Reference genotype = A/A

*p<0.05