Table 5. Conditions associated with CP.
| System | Conditions |
|---|---|
| Neurologic | Seizures |
| Pulmonary | Restrictive lung disease (secondary to progressive kyphoscoliosis) |
| Chronic lung disease of infancy | |
| Dysphagia | |
| Obstructive sleep apnea | |
| Recurrent aspiration | |
| Gastrointestinal | Oral motor dysfunction and feeding difficulty |
| Drooling | |
| Poor nutritional status and growth | |
| Gastroesophageal reflux | |
| Constipation | |
| Bowel incontinence | |
| Genitourinary | Bladder incontinence |
| Recurrent urinary tract infections | |
| Skin | Decubitus ulcers |
| Vision | Refractive errors; myopia |
| Strabismus, amblyopia, cataract | |
| Nystagmus, optic atrophy | |
| Cortical visual impairment | |
| Hearing | Hearing impairment |
| Dental | Poor hygiene |
| Malocclusion | |
| Caries | |
| Communication | Speech and language impairment |
| Dysarthria | |
| Pain from multiple sources | Migraine, corneal abrasions, temporomandibular joint dysfunction |
| Gastroesophageal reflux, constipation | |
| Hip dislocation, muscle spasms | |
| Progressive scoliosis | |
| Sleep | Sleep disturbances |
| Endocrine | Delayed or precocious puberty |
| Psychosocial, behavioral, cognitive | Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder |
| Self-injurious behavior | |
| Depression | |
| Cognitive deficit | |
| Learning difficulties | |
| Musculoskeletal | See Table 6 |
CP, cerebral palsy.