Table 7. Mortality in hypercortisolism.
| Type of hypercortisolism | Active hypercortisolism (persistent, untreated or recurrent) | Treated hypercortisolism | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients, n | SMR (95% CI)/or mortality (%) | Citations | Patients, n | SMR (95% CI) | Follow-up after treatment, years | Citations | ||
| Cushing Disease | 766 | 4.6 (2.9–7.3) | van Haalen et al., 2015 (95) | 766 | 2.5 (1.4–4.2) | Range: 1.3–12.8 | van Haalen et al., 2015 (95) | |
| 40 | 6.9 (4.3–10) | Ragnarsson et al., 2019 (96) | 419 | 1.9 (1.5–2.3) | 13 | Ragnarsson et al.,2019 (96) | ||
| Ectopic Cushing syndrome | 11 | 66.7 (21.2–160.8) | Ntali et al., 2013 (74) | 11 | 83.3 (4.2–411) | 12 | Ntali et al., 2013(74) | |
| Adrenal Cushing syndrome | No studies reported | 109 | 1.9 (0.9–3.1) | Range: 7.4–11.2 | Graversen et al., 2012 (97) | |||
| Mild autonomous cortisol secretion | 431 | 11.5% | Elhassan et al., 2019 (23) | No studies reported | ||||
| Endogenous Cushing syndrome of any etiology, combined | 386 | 2.4 (0.87–8.19) | Yaneva et al., 2013 (98) | 386 | 1.7 (0.6–3.6) | 7.1 | Yaneva et al., 2013 (98) | |
Selection criteria: publication year: 2001 or after; design: retrospective, prospective studies, systematic reviews or meta-analyses; outcome: all-course mortality. SMR, standardized mortality ratio; CI, confidence interval.