Table 3.
Autophagy induction by the PERK/eIF2alpha/ATF4 axis in different cancer models.
| Neoplasia | Cells/model | Inducer | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Glioblastoma | Multiple human glioblastoma cells | Melanoma differentiation associated gene-7/interleukin 24 (GST-MDA-7/IL-24) | (72) |
| U87MG | Glucosamine-induced ER stress | (73) | |
| Primary glioblastoma human multiforme cells | Recombinant Melanoma differentiation associated gene-7 (mda-7) adenovirus (Ada. mda-7) |
(74) | |
| Ovarian cancer | Epitelial human Pa-1 cells | Metformin-induced ER stress | (75) |
| Breast cancer | Human MCF-7 cells | Ursolic acid-induced ER stress | (76) |
| Neural radiation myelitis (spinal metastasis) |
Banna mini-pigs spinal cord cells | Iodine-125-induced ER stress | (77) |
| Leukemia | Human acute promyelitic leukemia NB4 cells | Selenite-induced ER stress | (42) |
| Bone cancer | Human osteosarcoma MG63 and KHOS cells | 2-methoxyestradiol | (78) |
| Human osteosarcoma MG63 cells | Thapsigargin-induced ER stresses | (79) | |
| MYC-induced tumorigenesis | Human B-cell lymphoma P493-6B cells and mouse embryonic fibroblast | c-Myc-induced ER stresses | (80) |