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Association of plasma TMAO concentrations and all-cause mortality (A), the combined cardiovascular end point (B), and ESRD (C). For all outcomes, individuals with concentrations of TMAO in the lowest quartile (first) had the lowest risk, and individuals with measurements of TMAO in the highest quartile (fourth) had the highest risk (log-rank P < 0.001 for all). Dotted line, first quartile; short-dash line, second quartile; long-dash line, third quartile; solid line, fourth quartile.
