TABLE 1.

Descriptive analysis: Means, standard deviations, and range scores for all variables.

	Total sample = 131
	M	SD	Range
Pain perception Visual Analog Scale
Current pain	5.48	1.56	0–10
Last week average pain	6.58	1.56	0–10
Maximum pain last week	7.18	1.44	0–10
Social Comparison Processes in Illness Scale Strategies
Upward identification	9.31	2.97	3–15
Upward contrast	11.30	3.11	3–15
Downward identification	9.98	3.63	3–15
Downward contrast	9.10	3.01	3–15
Referents
Similar health problems	3.37	1.35	1–5
Different health problems	2.98	1.24	1–5
No health problems	3.02	1.49	1–5
Contents
Symptoms	4.36	.81	1–5
Mood	3.89	1.05	1–5
Physical activity	4.02	1.22	1–5
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale
Anxiety	13.71	4	0–21
Depression	10.73	4.64	0–21

M, mean; SD, Standard Deviation.