TABLE 3.

Patient profiles: Cluster analysis and differences by ANOVA.

	Cluster 1	Cluster 2
	(n = 86)	(n = 45)
	M ± SD	M ± SD	F	Sig.
Pain Perception Visual Analog Scale
Current pain	6.06 ± 1.15	4.36 ± 1.64	6.114	**
Last week average pain	7.22 ± 1.25	5.32 ± 1.33	8.046	**
Maximum pain last week	7.78 ± 1.02	6.02 ± 1.42	7.285	**
Social Comparison Processes in Illness Scale Strategies
Upward identification	8.36 ± 2.64	11.18 ± 2.72	−5.708	**
Upward contrast	12.65 ± 1.97	8.77 ± 3.27	7.226	**
Downward identification	11.01 ± 3.43	8.00 ± 3.23	4.829	**
Downward contrast	8.55 ± 2.66	10.16 ± 3.40	−2.748	*
Referents
Similar health problems	3.57 ± 1.38	3.00 ± 1.24	2.308	*
Different health problems	3.21 ± 1.26	2.52 ± 1.11	3.063	*
No health problems	3.15 ± 1.52	2.75 ± 1.43	1.450	(ns)
Contents
Symptoms	4.50 ± 0.75	4.07 ± .87	2.941	*
Mood	4.09 ± 0.99	3.50 ± 1.09	3.124	*
Physical Activity	3.91 ± 1.31	4.23 ± 1.01	−1.545	(ns)
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale
Anxiety	15.30 ± 3.54	10.70 ± 3.13	7.277	**
Depression	12.50 ± 4.04	7.48 ± 3.75	6.875	**

Pain perception, social comparison (strategies, referents, and contents) and anxiety and depression. M, mean; SD, Standard Deviation; F-Fisher with *p ≤ 05; **: p ≤ 001; (ns), non-significant.