Table 1. Baseline Characteristics of 21 Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 at Presentation to the Intensive Care Unit.
| Baseline characteristics | No. (%) of patientsa |
Reference range |
|---|---|---|
| Preadmission comorbidities | ||
| Asthma | 2 (9.1) | |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 7 (33.3) | |
| Congestive heart failure | 9 (42.9) | |
| Diabetes | 7 (33.3) | |
| Rheumatologic disease | 1 (4.8) | |
| Obstructive sleep apnea | 6 (28.6) | |
| Chronic kidney disease | 10 (47.6) | |
| End-stage kidney disease | 2 (9.5) | |
| History of solid organ transplant | 2 (9.5) | |
| Cirrhosis | 1 (4.8) | |
| Immunosuppressionb | 3 (14.3) | |
| Total with ≥1 comorbidity | 18 (85.7) | |
| Admission symptoms | ||
| Cough | 11 (47.6) | |
| Shortness of breath | 17 (76.2) | |
| Feverc | 11 (52.4) | |
| Temperature (range), °C | 37.6 (35.3-39.2) | |
| Admission chest radiograph findingsd | ||
| Bilateral reticular nodular opacities | 11 (52.4) | |
| Ground-glass opacities | 10 (47.6) | |
| Pleural effusion | 6 (28.6) | |
| Peribronchial thickening | 5 (23.8) | |
| Pleural effusion | 5 (23.8) | |
| Focal consolidation | 4 (19.0) | |
| Pulmonary edema | 2 (9.5) | |
| Venous congestion | 1 (4.8) | |
| Atelectasis | 1 (4.8) | |
| Clear | 1 (4.8) | |
| Admission laboratory measures, mean (range)a | ||
| White blood cell count, /μL | 9365 (2890-16 900) | 4000-11 000 |
| Absolute lymphocyte count, /μL | 889 (200-2390) | 1000-3400 |
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | 11.4 (8.0-13.7) | 11.2-15.7 |
| Platelet count, ×103/μL | 215 (52-395) | 182-369 |
| Sodium, mmol/L | 137 (125-148) | 135-145 |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 1.45 (0.1-4.5) | 0.6-1.2 |
| Total bilirubin, mg/dL | 0.6 (0.2-1.1) | 0-1.5 |
| Alkaline phosphatase, U/L | 80 (41-164) | 31-120 |
| Aspartate aminotransferase, U/Le | 273 (14-4432) | 5-40 |
| Alanine aminotransferase, U/Le | 108 (11-1414) | 5-50 |
| Creatinine kinase, U/L | 95 (45-1290) | 21-215 |
| Venous lactate, mmol/L | 1.8 (0.8-4.9) | <1.9 |
| Had troponin level >0.3 ng/mL, No. (%) | 3 (14.0) | |
| Brain-type natriuretic peptide, pg/mL | 4720 (69-33 423) | <450 |
| Procalcitonin, ng/mL | 1.8 (0.12-9.56) | 0.15-2.0 |
| Underwent bronchoalveolar lavage, No. (%) | 7 (33.0) | |
| After undergoing bronchoalveolar lavage | ||
| White blood cell count, /μL | 515 (174-1222) | 0-5 |
| Polymorphonuclear neutrophils, % | 41.0 (13-77) | |
| Lymphocytes, % | 32.0 (4-90) | |
| Monocytes, % | 39.0 (12-72) | |
SI conversion factors: To convert absolute lymphocyte count and white blood cell count to ×109/L, multiply by 0.001; alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, and creatinine kinase to μkat/L, multiply by 0.0167; creatinine to μmol/L, multiply by 76.25; total bilirubin to μmol/L, multiply by 17.104; venous lactate to mg/dL, divide by 0.111.
Unless otherwise indicated.
Defined as outpatient prescription of greater than 10 mg/d of prednisone or an equivalent, use of chemotherapy, or use of nonsteroidal immunosuppressive agents for solid organ transplant or for an autoimmune disease.
Defined as a temperature of greater than 38.0 °C.
Reviewed independently by a chest radiologist and a pulmonary physician.
One patient with a very high admission aspartate aminotransferase and admission alanine aminotransferase skewed the distribution and mean values. At admission the median aspartate aminotransferase level was 34 U/L and the median alanine aminotransferase was 26.5 U/L.