There were significant sex*condition interactions in Fos-immunoreactive cells when collapsed across all brain regions [χ2 (2) = 11.17, p = 0.00] (A), and in the anterior piriform cortex [χ2 (2) = 14.54, p = 0.00] (B), dorsomedial hypothalamus [χ2 (2) = 17.58, p = 0.00] (C), and cingulate cortex [χ2 (2) = 21.29, p = 0.00] (D). Error bars show mean ± SEM. CB: n = 18 (10 males); MV: n = 18 (11 males); PEA: n = 22 (10 males).CB, clean bedding; MV, methyl valerate; PEA, phenylethylamine; M, male; F, female.