Table 3.
Past history of the patients.
| Precipitating events [N (%)] | |
| Dental treatments | 26 (44.8) |
| Tooth extraction | 14 (24.1) |
| Bridge | 4 (6.9) |
| Crown | 3 (5.2) |
| Dental operation | 3 (5.2) |
| Implant treatment | 1 (1.7) |
| Orthodontic treatment | 1 (1.7) |
| Physical trauma | 7 (12.1) |
| Trauma | 4 (6.9) |
| Operation | 2 (3.4) |
| Dislocation | 1 (1.7) |
| Psychological stress | 3 (5.2) |
| Another disease | 1 (1.7) |
| Visited departments or hospitals [N (%)] | |
| Neurology | 44 (75.9) |
| Dentistry | 36 (62.1) |
| Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery | 35 (60.3) |
| Psychiatry | 32 (55.2) |
| Neurosurgery | 21 (36.2) |
| Acupuncture | 17 (29.3) |
| Otorhinolaryngology | 12 (20.7) |
| Orthopedics | 5 (8.6) |
| Pain clinic | 3 (5.2) |
| Internal medicine | 3 (5.2) |
| Rehabilitation | 3 (5.2) |
| Ophthalmology | 2 (3.4) |
| Chiropractic | 2 (3.4) |
| Others | 2 (3.4) |
| Previous diagnosis [N (%)] | |
| Unknown etiology | 45 (77.6) |
| Psychiatric disease | 44 (75.9) |
| Temporomandibular disorders | 26 (44.8) |
| Dyskinesia | 21 (36.6) |
| Bruxism | 20 (34.5) |
| Dystonia | 16 (27.6) |
| Chronic pain | 5 (8.6) |
| Functional dystonia | 4 (6.9) |
| Occlusal problem | 3 (5.2) |
| Trigeminal neuralgia | 2 (3.4) |
| Normal | 2 (3.4) |
| Others | 6 (10.3) |
| Psychiatric medication [N (%)] | 40 (69.0) |
| Diagnosis [N (%)] | |
| Depression | 23 (39.7) |
| Bipolar disorder | 4 (6.9) |
| Schizophrenia | 3 (5.2) |
| Panic disorder | 3 (5.2) |
| PTSD | 3 (5.2) |
| Others | 7 (12.1) |
| Duration of medication (years) [mean (SD)] | 14.6 (6.5) |
| Prescribed medicine [N (%)] | |
| Etizolam | 4 (6.9) |
| Aripiprazole | 4 (6.9) |
| Lorazepam | 3 (5.2) |
| Milnacipran | 3 (5.2) |
| Olanzapine | 2 (3.4) |
| Clotiazepam | 2 (3.4) |
| Bromazepam | 2 (3.4) |
| Lofrazepate | 2 (3.4) |
| Quetiapine | 2 (3.4) |
| Alprazolam | 2 (3.4) |
| Others | 6 (10.3) |