A SIRT1-mediated decrease in emotional pain vulnerability is associated with the downregulation of CaMKIIα and the deacetylation of histone H3K9. A, Western blots (top) and group data (bottom) of CaMKIIα and β-actin proteins in the CeA of AAV-GFP-infused sham rats and CCI-ION rats, and of AAV-SIRT1-infused CCI-ION rats 28 d after the surgery (n = 7 each group). B, Similar data of CaMKIIα and β-actin proteins in AAV-Cre-infused SIRT1w/w mice and SIRT1fl/fl mice. C, D, Levels of H3K9Ac (C) and H4K16Ac (D) on the CaMKIIα promoter in the same three groups of rats as in A, 28 d after the surgery. E, F, Levels of H3K9Ac (E) and H4K16Ac (F) on the CaMKIIα promoter in the same three groups of mice as in B, 15 d after the vector infusion. N = 6 each group. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01.