Table 1.
Baseline patient characteristics. The table also shows comparison of patients' demographics between those who were able to reach maximum tolerated dose of sacubitril‐valsartan with those who did not tolerate the compound
| Variables | Total (N = 322) | Max tolerated dose (n = 257) | Intolerance (n = 40) | P‐value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 70 [61.9, 76.2] | 69.1 [61.2, 76] | 73.4 [68.3, 80.6] | 0.003 |
| Male | 241 (75.1%) | 191 (74.6%) | 33 (82.5%) | 0.520 |
| CV risk factors | ||||
| Dyslipidaemia | 32 (9.9%) | 28 (10.9%) | 2 (5.0%) | 0.400 |
| Hypertension | 99 (30.7%) | 83 (32.3%) | 8 (20%) | 0.120 |
| Diabetes | 56 (17.4%) | 44 (17.1%) | 7 (17.5%) | >0.99 |
| Physical features | ||||
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 123 [112, 136] | 124 [112, 136] | 123 [114, 134] | 0.710 |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 65.5 [60, 74] | 65 [60, 75] | 65 [57, 71] | 0.150 |
| Heart rate (bpm) | 68 [60, 76] | 68 [60, 76] | 67 [62, 76] | 0.920 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 29 [26.0, 33.0] | 29 [26.0, 33.0] | 26 [25.0, 29.0] | 0.005 |
| Primary aetiologies of heart failure | ||||
| Ischaemic | 135 (41.9%) | 104 (40.5%) | 25 (62.5%) | 0.015 |
| Non‐ischaemic | 187 (58.1%) | 153 (59.5%) | 15 (37.5%) | |
| LVEF (%) | 28 [23.7, 33.0] | 28.4 [24.8, 35] | 25 [24.6, 30.5] | 0.310 |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Atrial fibrillation | 139 (43.2%) | 113 (44%) | 21 (52.5%) | 0.470 |
| Chronic renal failure eGFR of ≤60ml/min/1.72m2 | 116 (36.0%) | 88 (34.2%) | 25 (62.5%) | 0.002 |
| Anaemia | 68 (21.1%) | 51 (19.8%) | 15 (37.5%) | 0.030 |
| COPD | 36(11.2%) | 29 (11.3%) | 5 (12.5%) | >.99 |
| Stroke/TIA | 33 (10.2%) | 25 (9.7%) | 4 (10%) | >.99 |
| Cancer | 39 (12.1%) | 29 (11.3%) | 6 (15%) | 0.790 |
| Laboratory analysis | ||||
| Potassium (mmol/L) | 4.5 [4.2, 4.8] | 4.5 [4.2, 4.8] | 4.5 [4.3, 4.8] | 0.880 |
| Haemoglobin(g/dL) | 13.7 [12.6, 14.7] | 13.9 [12.7, 14.8] | 13 [12.2, 14] | 0.006 |
| Creatinine (μmol/L) | 104 [83.2, 126] | 102 [83, 123] | 116.5 [104.2, 163] | 0.002 |
| Urea | 8.2 [6.2, 11.3] | 7.7 [6, 11.1] | 10.2 [7.9, 15.7] | 0.002 |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.72m2) | 58.9 [46, 74] | 60 [47, 77] | 53.5 [36.8, 60.2] | 0.001 |
| Biomarkers | ||||
| BNP (pg/mL) | 200.5 [99.1, 424.5] | 191 [97.7, 400] | 311 [154.5, 706.5] | 0.038 |
| NT‐proBNP (pg/mL) | 1092 [514.5, 2422.5] | 1036 [481, 2314] | 1194.5 [599.5, 3630.5] | 0.480 |
| ST2 (ng/mL) | 36 [27.2, 51] | 35.5 [27.3, 51.8] | 43.6 [25.3, 60.8] | 0.300 |
| New York Heart Association | ||||
| I | 33/317 (10.4%) | 28/253 (11.1%) | 3 (7.5%) | 0.670 |
| II | 248/317 (78.2%) | 198/253 (78.3%) | 31 (77.5%) | |
| III | 35/317 (11%) | 26/253 (10.3%) | 6/40 (15%) | |
| IV | 1/317 (0.3%) | 1/253 (0.4%) | 0/40 (0%) | |
| Guidelines guided Heart Failure therapy | ||||
| Beta blocker | 274 (90.7%) | 220 (90.9%) | 33 (86.8%) | 0.300 |
| ACEi | 261(81.1%) | 180 (74.4%) | 24 (63.2%) | 0.300 |
| ARB | 57 (18.9%) | 46 (19.0%) | 7 (18.4%) | >.99 |
| Aldosterone antagonist | 219 (72.5%) | 179 (74%) | 22 (57.9%) | 0.069 |
| Loop diuretics | 249 (82.5%) | 197 (81.4%) | 33 (86.8%) | >.99 |
| ICD | 105 (32.6%) | 87 (33.9%) | 13 (32.5%) | 0.970 |
| CRT | 8 (5.6%) | 13 (5.1%) | 3 (7.5%) | 0.710 |
Abbreviations: ACEi, angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB angiotensin receptor blocker; BNP, brain (B‐type) natriuretic peptide; BP, blood pressure; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CRT, cardiac resynchronisation therapy; CV, cardiovascular; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; ICD, intracardiac defibrillator; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; max tolerated, maximum tolerated; NT‐proBNP, N terminal pro BNP; TIA, transient ischaemic attack.