Table 1.
Characteristics of participants
| Parameters | BA‐E patients (N = 90) | BA‐R patients (N = 90) | Controls (N = 90) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years, M ± SD | 36.4 ± 8.8 | 37.5 ± 9.3 | 35.2 ± 10.1 | .260 |
| Gender, No. (%) | ||||
| Male | 44 (48.9) | 52 (57.8) | 52 (57.8) | .384 |
| Female | 46 (51.1) | 38 (42.2) | 38 (42.2) | |
| Family history of asthma, No. (%) | 24 (26.7) | 19 (21.1) | 12 (13.3) | .083 |
| IgE, IU/mL, M ± SD | 265.8 ± 149.8 | 100.6 ± 64.0 | 33.8 ± 22.9 | <.001 |
| FEV1/FVC, %, M ± SD | 66.3 ± 6.6 | 80.2 ± 2.5 | 83.3 ± 2.6 | <.001 |
| FEV1%predicted, M ± SD | 76.0 ± 5.7 | 84.7 ± 4.9 | 100.5 ± 7.0 | <.001 |
| Exacerbation severity, No. (%) | ‐ | |||
| Mild | 23 (25.6) | ‐ | ‐ | |
| Moderate | 44 (48.9) | ‐ | ‐ | |
| Severe | 23 (25.6) | ‐ | ‐ | |
| TNF‐α, pg/mL, M ± SD | 57.8 ± 40.4 | 22.1 ± 13.7 | 13.1 ± 7.2 | <.001 |
| IL‐1β, pg/mL, M ± SD | 4.0 ± 2.9 | 1.5 ± 1.0 | 0.8 ± 0.5 | <.001 |
| IL‐6, pg/mL, M ± SD | 41.6 ± 34.3 | 14.0 ± 11.1 | 8.5 ± 6.3 | <.001 |
| IL‐17, pg/mL, M ± SD | 62.0 ± 59.0 | 23.8 ± 21.3 | 12.6 ± 11.1 | <.001 |
Comparisons were determined by the chi‐square test or one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA). P value < .05 indicated a significant difference.
Abbreviations: BA‐E, bronchial asthma at exacerbation; BA‐R, bronchial asthma at remission; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 second; FVC, forced vital capacity; IgE, immune globulin E; IL, interleukin; M ± SD, mean ± standard deviation; TNF‐α, tumor necrosis factor α.