Table 2.
Characteristics of extracellular matrix plasma proteins and N‐terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide in the study population
| Plasma protein (AU) | Controls (n = 20) | Pre‐HT (n = 26) | Post‐HT (n = 26) | ∆ (Post‐HT − Pre‐HT) | P values | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | Post‐HT vs. Pre‐HT | C vs. Pre‐HT | C vs. Post‐HT | |
| COL1A1 | 4.5 (3.4–5.9) | 4.4 (3.7–5) | 5.1 (4.4–6.7) | 0.35 (−0.45 to 1.9) | 0.0559 | 0.869 | 0.0780 |
| CYR61 | 22 (17–27)† | 27 (22–32) | 18 (15–22) | −8.1 (−14 to −1.9)† | <0.0001* | 0.0575 | 0.0411 |
| Decorin | 20 (18–23) | 34 (27–38) | 26 (24–33) | −4.6 (−8.4 to −0.66) | 0.00104* | <0.0001* | <0.0001* |
| Glypican‐1 | 15 (12–17)† | 15 (13–17) | 15 (14–19) | 0.52 (−1.2 to 2.4)† | 0.381 | 0.743 | 0.230 |
| Integrin α‐V | 6.7 (6.1–7.4)† | 6.1 (5.3–7.4)† | 5.7 (4.9–6.2) | −0.59 (−1.4 to −0.12)† | 0.00115* | 0.300 | 0.000803* |
| Integrin β‐2 | 20 (17–22) | 15 (11–20)† | 18 (13–19) | 1.3 (−2.8 to 4.8) | 0.367 | 0.00501* | 0.0221 |
| Integrin β‐5 | 211 (132–236)† | 185 (145– 224) | 143 (129–176) | −29 (−72 to 0.53)† | 0.00130* | 0.833 | 0.0787 |
| Melusin | 31 (18–66) | 14 (6.2–26) | 15 (7.5–53) | 4.8 (−4.1 to 31) | 0.0493 | 0.00152* | 0.0819 |
| MMP‐2 | 7.7 (7.2–8.2) | 14 (12–16)† | 7.5 (6.2–8.9) | −6.4 (−9.4 to −4) | <0.0001* | <0.0001* | 0.576 |
| MMP‐3 | 89 (62–144) | 122 (83–224) | 338 (193–424) | 187 (101–269) | <0.0001* | 0.0519 | <0.0001* |
| MMP‐7 | 273 (222–372) | 797 (603–1043) | 986 (676–1174) | 85 (−73 to 212) | 0.0493 | <0.0001* | <0.0001* |
| MMP‐9 | 10 (7.5–14) | 17 (12–27) | 6.7 (4.6–9.6) | −9.3 (−20 to −4) | <0.0001* | 0.00196* | 0.00773* |
| MMP‐12 | 76 (54–101) | 121 (77–174) | 89 (64–144) | −30 (−62 to 1.6) | 0.00613* | 0.00432* | 0.213 |
| Perlecan | 66 (54–75) | 110 (82–133) | 97 (63–125) | −23 (−42 to −2.6) | 0.000935* | <0.0001* | 0.00108* |
| Prolargin | 64 (59–71) | 130 (105–139) | 84 (78–96) | −34 (−53 to −19) | <0.0001* | <0.0001* | <0.0001* |
| Syndecan‐1 | 56 (43–75)† | 122 (84–193)† | 75 (60–92) | −37 (−129 to −7.4)† | <0.0001* | <0.0001* | 0.0174 |
| Thrombospondin‐2 | 37 (34–39) | 53 (47–59)† | 41 (36–46) | −11 (−18 to −4.3) | <0.0001* | <0.0001* | 0.0298 |
| TIMP‐4 | 15 (13–17) | 19 (16–26) | 19 (14–23) | −3.6 (−9.7 to 5.3) | 0.136 | 0.00166* | 0.0353 |
| VE‐cadherin | 8.5 (6.7–10) | 11 (9.3–13)† | 7.8 (6.6–9.2) | −3.5 (−4.7 to −2) | <0.0001* | 0.00181* | 0.247 |
| WISP‐1 | 13 (11–15)† | 27 (20–38) | 19 (13–23) | −6.5 (−23 to −1.5)† | <0.0001* | <0.0001* | 0.00445* |
| NT‐proBNP | 1.1 (1.1–1.2) | 24 (11–40) | 2 (1.4–5.8) | −17 (−37 to −8.4) | <0.0001* | <0.0001* | <0.0001* |
AU, arbitrary units; C, controls; COL1A1, collagen alpha‐1 chain; CYR61, cysteine‐rich angiogenic inducer 61; HT, heart transplantation; IQR, interquartile range; MMP, matrix metalloproteinase; NT‐proBNP, N‐terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide; TIMP‐4, metalloproteinase inhibitor 4; VE‐cadherin, vascular endothelial cadherin; WISP‐1, WNT1‐inducible‐signalling pathway protein 1.
*
Indicates statistically significant values (P < 0.008; false discovery rate < 0.01).
†
Indicates n − 1.