Fig. 5. Dynamic crystalline lattices of synchronized spinners.

A dynamic lattice composed of (A) long spinners induced at f_H = 45 Hz and short spinners self-assembled at f_H = 90 Hz. The lattice formed at f_H = 45 Hz exhibits a larger interspinner spacing than the one formed at f_H = 90 Hz. Scale bars, 2 mm. (B) The radial distribution function and (C) the structure factor of the spinner lattices as a function of f_H from experimental results at ρ = 0.006 σ⁻². Insets illustrate corresponding simulation results obtained at ρ = 0.018 σ⁻². The gray area in (B) and (C) highlights the lateral shift of the primary peak with the frequency changes. (D) The experimental spinner-spinner distance at different frequencies as obtained from the Voronoi diagram analysis and g(r) for data shown in (B).