Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Mar 21.
Published in final edited form as: J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2019 Dec 3;26(3):263–275. doi: 10.1017/S1355617719001073

Table 3:

Standardized beta coefficients with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) and P-values from linear regressions of cognitive test scores with standardized MRI findings from elderly American Indians from the Cerebrovascular Disease and its Consequences in American Indian study (2010-2013)

3MSE CVLT LF WAIS-IV Coding COWA
β (95%CI)
P-value
FDR (Q-value) 		β (95%CI)
P-value
FDR (Q-value) 		β (95%CI)
P-value
FDR (Q-value) 		β (95%CI)
P-value
FDR (Q-value)
Any Infarct −0.06 (−0.13, 0.01)
P=0.079
Q=0.131 		−0.03 (−0.10, 0.05)
P=0.453
Q=0.503 		−0.10 (−0.16, −0.05)
P<0.001
Q=0.005 		−0.03 (−0.10, 0.03)
P=0.311
Q=0.377
Lacunar infarct −0.05 (−0.12, 0.02)
P=0.160
Q=0.230 		−0.02 (−0.09, 0.06)
P=0.675
Q=0.730 		−0.06 (−0.12, 0.001)
P=0.054
Q=0.098 		−0.003 (−0.07, 0.06)
P=0.934
Q=0.951
Cortical Infarct −0.03 (−0.11, 0.04)
P=0.410
Q=0.469 		−0.05 (−0.12, 0.03)
P=0.239
Q=0.299 		−0.14 (−0.19, −0.08)
P<0.001
Q=0.006 		−0.04 (−0.11, 0.02)
P=0.211
Q=0.272
Hemorrhage −0.03 (−0.10, 0.03)
P=0.326
Q=0.384 		−0.08 (−0.15, −0.003)
P=0.040
Q=0.076 		−0.01 (−0.06, 0.05)
P=0.815
Q=0.858 		0.002 (−0.06, 0.07)
P=0.951
Q=0.951
WMH Grade −0.12 (−0.20, −0.04)
P=0.002
Q=0.010 		−0.09 (−0.17, −0.01)
P=0.035
Q=0.070 		−0.15 (−0.21, −0.08)
P<0.001
Q=0.006 		−0.07 (−0.14, 0.002)
P=0.057
Q=0.099
Sulcal Grade −0.04 (−0.11, 0.02)
P=0.195
Q=0.261 		−0.05 (−0.13, 0.03)
P=0.196
Q=0.261 		−0.10 (−0.17, −0.04)
P=0.003
Q=0.012 		−0.08 (−0.15, −0.02)
P=0.013
Q=0.035
Ventricle Grade −0.11 (−0.18, −0.03)
P=0.006
Q=0.020 		−0.07 (−0.15, 0.02)
P=0.111
Q=0.178 		−0.14 (−0.20, −0.08)
P<0.001
Q=0.006 		−0.06 (−0.13, 0.02)
P=0.144
Q=0.222
(log) WMH Volume (mL) * −0.14 (−0.24, −0.05)
P=0.003
Q=0.012 		−0.11 (−0.21, −0.01)
P=0.035
Q=0.070 		−0.16 (−0.24, −0.09)
P<0.001
Q=0.006 		−0.11 (−0.19, −0.03)
P=0.010
Q=0.031
HC Volume (mL)* 0.16 (0.07, 0.24)
P<0.001
Q=0.006 		0.10 (0.02, 0.18)
P=0.012
Q=0.034 		0.13 (0.06, 0.21)
P<0.001
Q=0.006 		0.05 (−0.02, 0.13)
P=0.161
Q=0.230
Brain Volume (L) * 0.19 (0.03, 0.34)
P=0.017
Q=0.043 		0.16 (0.01, 0.31)
P=0.035
Q=0.070 		0.20 (0.06, 0.33)
P=0.005
Q=0.018 		0.19 (0.03, 0.34)
P=0.019
Q=0.044

Comparison units for MRI findings (independent variable) include infarct, lacune, and hemorrhage present vs absent; WMH grade, sulcal grade, and ventricle grade per 1 point higher grade, range 0-9; log WMH volume, HC volume per 1 mL increase in volume; brain volume per 1 L increase in volume. Model adjusted for age, sex, site, marital status, income, education, Native language speaking ability (bilingual), obesity, diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia; 3MSE: Modified Mini Mental State Examination; CVLT LF: California Verbal Learning Test 2nd Edition Short Form long delay free recall; WAIS-IV: Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale 4th Edition (Coding sub-test); COWA: Controlled Oral Word Association test (F, A, S words); FDR (Q-value): false-discovery rate corrected P-value

*

Volumetric models adjusted for model 2, as well as for intracranial volume; volumetric beta coefficient & 95% CI estimates that are listed as 0 were calculated to 3 decimal places as <0.0001