Table 2.
Selected examples of phototherapeutic nanoplatforms for cancer diagnosis and treatment.
| Reference. | Type of nanoparticles | Therapeutic modalities | Imaging modalities | PSs | PTT/PA agents |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [115] | Polymeric micelles | PTT | Fluorescence | IR825 | |
| [117] | Polymeric micelles | PDT | Ce6 | ||
| [118] | Polymeric micelles | PDT | ZnPc | ||
| [119] | Polymeric micelles | PDT+Chemo | ZnPc | ||
| [120] | Polymeric micelles | PDT+Chemo | Hp | ||
| [121] | Polymeric micelles | PDT | Ce6 | ||
| [123] | Polymeric micelles | PDT+Chemo | Ce6 | ||
| [96] | Polymeric nanoparticles | PTT | PCCP | ||
| [130] | Polymeric nanoparticles | PTT+Chemo | ICG | ||
| [134] | Polymeric nanoparticles | PTT | Polypyrrole | ||
| [135] | Polymeric nanoparticles | PTT | SPNs | ||
| [138] | Polymeric nanoparticles | PDT | Ce6 | ||
| [141] | Liposomes | PDT | Dimeric BODIPY | ||
| [150] | Liposomes | PDT+PTT+Chemo | ICG | ICG | |
| [159] | Nanogels | PDT | HPPH | ||
| [90] | Dendrimers | PDT+PTT | SiNc | SiNc | |
| [170] | Dendrimers | PDT | RB and PpIX | ||
| [182] | Silica NPs | PDT | ZnPc | ||
| [209] | Nanocarbons | PDT | Ce6 | ||
| [210] | Nanocarbons | PDT | DPP | ||
| [226] | Upconversion NPs | PDT | ZnPc | ||
| [229] | Porphysomes | PDT | porphyrin | ||
| [250] | Peptide- and protein-based nanophototherapeutics | PTT | IR825 | ||
| [194] | Magnetic nanoparticles | PDT+Hyperthermia | MRI | Pheophorbide-a | |
| [195] | Magnetic nanoparticles | PDT | Ce6 | ||
| [205] | Nanocarbons | PDT | Fullerene | ||
| [136] | Polymeric nanoparticles | PTT | PA | Conjugated polymer | |
| [231] | Porphysomes | PDT+PTT | porphyrin | porphyrin | |
| [270] | Bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) | PTT | Melanin | ||
| [271] | Metallic nanoparticles | PTT+Chemo | Gold nanorods | ||
| [122] | Polymeric micelles | PTT+Chemo | Fluorescence+PA | IR780 | |
| [129] | Polymeric nanoparticles | PTT+Chemo | ICG | ||
| [137] | Polymeric nanoparticles | PDT+PTT | (SPNs) | SPNs | |
| [237] | Cargo-free nanophototherapeutics | PDT+PTT | ZnPc | ZnPc | |
| [248] | Peptide- and protein-based nanophototherapeutics | PTT | CySCOOH | ||
| [216] | Nanocarbons | PDT | Fluorescence+MRI | Graphene | |
| [241] | Cargo-free nanophototherapeutics | PDT+PTT+Chemo | Pheophorbide-a | Pheophorbide-a | |
| [245] | Peptide- and protein-based nanophototherapeutics | PDT | Ce6 | ||
| [140] | Liposomes | PTT | PA+MRI | Melanin | |
| [267] | Bovine serum albumin nanoparticles | PTT | CuS | ||
| [124] | Polymeric micelles | PDT+PTT | Fluorescence +PA+MRI | TCPP | IR825 |
| [142] | Liposomes | PDT+PTT | Fluorescence +PA+CT | IR780 | IR780 |
| [143] | Liposomes | PDT+PTT | ICG | ICG |
Abbreviations: HPPH, 2-devinyl-2-(1-hexyloxyethyl) pyropheophorbide; Hp, Hematoporphyrin; PCCP, porphyrin-containing conjugated polymer; SNPs, semiconducting polymer nanoparticle; SiNc, silicon naphthalocyanine; RB, rose bengal; PpIX, Protoporphyrin IX; DPP, Diketopyrrolopyrrole; TCPP, 5,10,15,20-tetrakis (4-carboxyphenyl) porphyrin; PDT, photodynamic therapy; ICG, indocyanine green; PTT, photothermal therapy; Chemo, chemotherapy; IR, ionizing radiation.