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. 2020 Mar 1;21(5):1692. doi: 10.3390/ijms21051692

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Effect of RIPC on autophagy and the cardioprotective signaling mechanism. Western blot analysis of (A) LC3 in H9c2 cells subjected to RHPC (preconditioned) media under normoxic conditions and (B) LC3 in the rat heart and (C) STAT3 phosphorylation in the rat heart assessed in the control group (without any intervention or sham surgery), at 0 min and 24 h post-RIPC. (D–I) Rats subjected to I/R with and without prior RIPC. (D) MI size expressed as the percentage of infarct size/AAR, (E) cumulative data of AAR/LV expressed as the percentage of the mean ± SEM. Western blot analysis of rat heart tissue assessing the (F) cleaved PARP (n = 8), (G) phosphorylated STAT3 (n = 8), (H) phosphorylated GSK-3β (n = 8), and (I) phosphorylated p38 MAPK (n = 8) levels at 24 h post-I/R with and without prior hindlimb RIPC. Results are expressed as mean ± SEM relative to control; * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001.