Table 1.
Prevalence estimates of lifetime exposure to potentially traumatic and other life events in the Dutch population based on a sample of N = 6457.
| Event | Male | Female | Total | Female vs. Male | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % | SE | % | SE | % | SE | OR (95% CI) | |
| Potentially traumatic events | |||||||
| Serious traffic accident | 5.5 | 0.6 | 3.4 | 0.4 | 4.4 | 0.3 | 0.60 (0.42–0.87) |
| Illness of loved one * | 6.1 | 0.6 | 8.2 | 0.6 | 7.1 | 0.4 | 1.38 (1.07–1.78) |
| Accident of loved one * | 1.6 | 0.3 | 1.3 | 0.3 | 1.5 | 0.2 | 0.84 (0.44–1.61) |
| Violent assault | 2.1 | 0.4 | 2.8 | 0.4 | 2.4 | 0.3 | 1.32 (0.84–2.08) |
| Physical abuse | 1.9 | 0.4 | 1.9 | 0.2 | 1.9 | 0.2 | 0.98 (0.59–1.63) |
| Sexual abuse | 0.9 | 0.2 | 4.0 | 0.3 | 2.5 | 0.2 | 4.57 (2.69–7.78) |
| Disaster | 0.7 | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.1 | 0.6 | 0.1 | 0.88 (0.48–1.60) |
| Exposure to war | 1.0 | 0.2 | 0.9 | 0.2 | 1.0 | 0.1 | 0.93 (0.47–1.87) |
| Loss events | |||||||
| Loss of child | 2.5 | 0.4 | 2.4 | 0.3 | 2.4 | 0.2 | 0.99 (0.66–1.48) |
| Loss of partner | 1.8 | 0.3 | 2.9 | 0.3 | 2.4 | 0.2 | 1.59 (1.07–2.35) |
| Loss of loved one (other than child or partner) * | 25.2 | 1.0 | 27.6 | 1.2 | 26.4 | 0.8 | 1.13 (0.97–1.32) |
| Other life events | |||||||
| Serious problems with loved one * | 1.8 | 0.3 | 1.6 | 0.2 | 1.7 | 0.2 | 0.87 (0.52–1.46) |
| Not having children * | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.9 | 0.2 | 0.7 | 0.1 | 2.14 (1.06–4.33) |
| Serious relational problems * | 2.2 | 0.3 | 2.7 | 0.4 | 2.4 | 0.3 | 1.25 (0.78–2.00) |
| Serious socio-economic problems * | 1.1 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.8 | 0.1 | 0.46 (0.24–0.89) |
| Other | 2.4 | 0.4 | 1.4 | 0.2 | 1.9 | 0.2 | 0.60 (0.37–0.98) |
| Total exposure | |||||||
| Any exposure | 68.3 | 1.4 | 74.0 | 1.0 | 71.1 | 0.9 | 1.32 (1.14–1.53) |
| No exposure | 31.7 | 1.4 | 26.0 | 1.0 | 28.9 | 0.9 | 0.76 (0.65–0.88) |
Note. Numbers in bold indicate significant gender differences on event, based on odds ratio and 95% confidence interval. * Other events and risks than Trauma Screening Questionnaire (TSQ) events as reported by respondents.