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. 2020 Feb 27;21(5):1634. doi: 10.3390/ijms21051634

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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ALBG promoters are bound and stimulated by PbRVEs. (a) Yeast one-hybrid assays of PbRVEs with the PbDFR, PbANS and PbUFGT promoters. (b) Validation of the activation effects of PbRVEs on the PbDFR, PbANS and PbUFGT promoters using a dual-luciferase assay in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. The relative promoter activity is represented by the expression ratio of the structural luciferase (LUC) gene to the 35S Renilla (REN) gene. The ratio was further standardized based on the LUC/REN value of the empty vector. Results represent the means of five biological replicates. All significant differences are based on comparisons with the control. Error bars show the SEs of the means (n = 5).