| ANS | Anthocyanidin synthase |
| ALBGs | Anthocyanin late biosynthetic genes |
| CDS | Coding DNA sequence |
| DFR | Dihydroflavonol 4-reductase |
| GUS | the β-glucuronidase gene |
| HAS | Hours after sunrise of day 1 |
| LUC | Firefly luciferase |
| MCS | Multiple cloning sites |
| MBW | MYB–bHLH–WDR |
| OE | Overexpression |
| qRT-PCR | Quantitative Real-Time PCR |
| REN | Renilla luciferase |
| RVE | REVEILLE |
| SD | Selective synthetic dextrose medium |
| SEs | the standard errors |
| TF | Transcription factor |
| UFGT | UDP-glucoside: flavonoid glucosyltransferase |
| VIGS | Virus-induced gene silencing |
| Y1H | Yeast one-hybrid assay |