Table 2.

Status of long-term care (LTC) service among the elderly by age cohort and residence.

Variables	n (%)	Urban (%)		Rural (%)
		Aged <80	Aged 80+	Aged <80	Aged 80+
Primary caregiver when assistance needed (vs. others) ***
spouse	384 (16.45)	30.13	11.59	39.20	11.61
children/grandchildren	1574 (67.44)	32.22	74.24	36.80	77.93
Who takes care of you when you are sick (vs. others) ***
spouse	1179 (27.50)	48.48	15.42	48.11	16.01
children/grandchildren	2936 (68.49)	46.85	80.37	47.16	81.22
The willingness of the primary caregiver (vs. unwilling)
willing to do	1810 (93.54)	92.47	94.04	93.26	93.33
without patience	28 (1.55)	1.37	1.17	1.12	1.79
need respite care	75 (4.14)	4.79	2.98	3.37	4.65
Total direct cost paid for caregiving last week (vs. 0) (Yuan) **
¥1–500	721 (41.63)	40.80	38.51	38.31	45.31
>¥500	309 (17.84)	18.40	24.71	7.79	13.47
Who mainly pays the above cost (vs. others) ***
self/spouse	361 (21.99)	52.14	23.56	39.86	12.42
children and their spouses	1141 (69.49)	41.88	66.15	54.55	79.62
Hours did the primary caregiver help last week(vs.0) ***
1–35	1661 (37.72)	27.58	40.28	30.89	42.53
>35	816 (18.53)	6.66	28.07	5.06	21.38
Get adequate medical service at present(yes) ***	6549 (96.05)	98.17	96.04	96.67	94.85
Got adequate medical treatment at present (yes) ***	4713 (71.97)	93.79	88.17	93.24	83.35
Available community-based services
personal care (yes)	269 (3.99)	5.50	4.99	2.91	3.12
home visit (yes) ***	2341 (34.57)	30.82	33.57	33.12	37.69
psychological consulting (yes) *	540 (8.01)	11.36	9.60	6.86	5.92
daily shopping (yes)	696 (9.35)	8.36	7.49	13.41	11.88
social and recreational activities (yes) *	1140 (16.95)	21.93	19.31	14.85	14.00
legal aid (yes) *	839 (12.49)	17.52	14.12	10.27	10.15
healthcare education (yes)	2634 (39.03)	41.68	38.84	39.13	37.97
neighborhood relation (yes) *	1676 (24.94)	31.35	28.96	21.86	20.56

Note: n = 6909. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001.