Figure 2.

Boxplots of the 42 most significant metabolites, using ANOVA for the four-group urothelial bladder cancer (UBC) member comparisons. Myo-inositol, creatine phosphate, amino acids (e.g., histidine), organic acids (e.g., malate, succinate, and acetate), AXPs (AMP, ADP, and ATP), GTP, UMP, and oxypurinol follow the pattern of “metabolic inversion” that is being typified by their highly elevated contents in grade III (T24) group but reduced (restored) to the cell line-reference-like ones (RT4; grade I) in the grade IV (TCCSUP) UBC cell group. However, some metabolites are not subjected to the same pattern of grade-dependent deregulation (e.g., tryptophan, formate, uracil, adenine, propylene glycol, and choline). Remarkably, uracil and propylene glycol are presented with significant decreases during cellular transition from low to high grades (III and IV) of UBC malignancy.