Table 1.
Basic characteristics of the study group.
| Study Group N = 9345 % (N) |
Physically Active N = 4892 % (N) |
Physically Non-Active N = 4453 % (N) |
p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | ||||
| <20 | 2.1 (199) | 1.7 (83) | 2.6 (116) | 0.01 |
| 21–30 | 55.8 (5214) | 53.2 (2603) | 58.6 (2611) | <0.001 |
| 31–40 | 37.7 (3523) | 40.5 (1983) | 34.6 (1540) | <0.001 |
| >40 | 4.4 (409) | 4.6 (223) | 4.2 (186) | 0.4 |
| Education | ||||
| Basic or vocational | 5 (484) | 3 (151) | 8 (333) | <0.001 |
| Secondary | 28 (2606) | 21 (1037) | 35 (1569) | <0.001 |
| Higher | 67 (6255) | 76 (3704) | 57 (2551) | <0.001 |
| Inhabitancy | ||||
| Countryside | 25 (2353) | 21 (1021) | 30 (1332) | <0.001 |
| City < 50000 | 18 (1712) | 17 (826) | 20 (886) | <0.001 |
| City 50000–100000 | 13 (1167) | 11 (558) | 14 (609) | <0.001 |
| City 100000–500000 | 18 (1661) | 19 (926) | 16 (735) | 0.002 |
| City > 500000 | 26 (2452) | 32 (1561) | 20 (891) | <0.001 |
| Number of deliveries | ||||
| 1 | 62 (5788) | 65 (3193) | 58 (2595) | <0.001 |
| 2 | 30 (2839) | 28 (1365) | 33 (1474) | <0.001 |
| 3 and more | 8 (718) | 7 (334) | 9 (384) | 0.001 |
| Physical activity level before pregnancy | ||||
| I didn’t exercise | 37 (3413) | 15 (753) | 60 (2660) | <0.001 |
| Less than a year | 15 (1423) | 13 (641) | 18 (782) | <0.001 |
| 1 or 2 years | 14 (1312) | 18 (857) | 10 (455) | <0.001 |
| More than 2 years | 34 (3197) | 54 (2641) | 12 (556) | <0.001 |
| Pre-pregnancy BMI | ||||
| Underweight | 8 (762) | 8 (405) | 8 (357) | 0.7 |
| Normal | 67 (6246) | 70 (3435) | 63 (2811) | <0.001 |
| Overweight | 18 (1647) | 16 (770) | 20 (877) | <0.001 |
| Obese | 7 (690) | 6 (282) | 9 (408) | <0.001 |
| Gestational weight gain | ||||
| UNDERWEIGHT | ||||
| adequate | 35 (140) | 36 (130) | 0.9 | |
| inadequate | 48 (196) | 41 (146) | 0.07 | |
| excessive | 17 (69) | 23 (81) | 0.1 | |
| NORMAL | ||||
| adequate | 33(1130) | 29(814) | <0.001 | |
| inadequate | 31(1049) | 28(797) | <0.001 | |
| excessive | 37(1256) | 43(1200) | 0.2 | |
| OVERWEIGHT | ||||
| adequate | 29 (227) | 26 (224) | 0.4 | |
| inadequate | 12 (95) | 11 (97) | 0.4 | |
| excessive | 58 (448) | 63 (556) | <0.001 | |
| OBESE | ||||
| adequate | 26 (74) | 25 (102) | 0.006 | |
| inadequate | 27 (76) | 23 (92) | 0.07 | |
| excessive | 47 (132) | 52 (214) | <0.001 | |