Table 3.
Crude associations between injured and uninjured groups.
| Symptomatic, n = 119 | Asymptomatic, n = 77 | p-Value * | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic (%) | |||
| Female, n (%) | 90 (75.6) | 36 (46.8) | < 0.0001 |
| Age, mean (se) | 40.5 (1.26) | 33.9 (1.36) | 0.0006 |
| Abnormal VF finding count (%) | |||
| Total abnormal VF findings, mean (se) | 1.2 (0.16) | 0.13 (0.04) | < 0.0001 |
| C1-C2 lat overhang (AP), n (%) | 75 (63.6) | 25 (32.5) | < 0.0001 |
| C1-C2 peri-odontoid (AP), n (%) | 34 (28.8) | 3 (3.9) | < 0.0001 |
| C2-7 translation (lat), n (%) | |||
| C2-C3 | 38 (31.9) | 2 (2.6) | < 0.0001 |
| C3-C4 | 13 (11.0) | 9 (11.7) | 0.88 |
| C4-C5 | 58 (48.7) | 19 (24.7) | 0.001 |
| C5-C6 | 23 (19.3) | 2 (2.6) | 0.001 |
| C6-C7 | 3 (2.5) | 0 (0) | 0.16 |
| C2-7 intervertebral angulation (lat), n (%) | |||
| C2-C3 | 5 (4.2) | 0 (0) | 0.07 |
| C3-C4 | 8 (6.7) | 1 (1.3) | 0.08 |
| C4-C5 | 30 (25.2) | 6 (7.8) | 0.002 |
| C5-C6 | 10 (8.4) | 3 (3.9) | 0.22 |
| C6-C7 | 4 (3.4) | 0 (0) | 0.1 |
| C2-7 SP engagement (lat), n (%) | |||
| C2-C3 | 2 (1.7) | 0 (0) | 0.25 |
| C3-C4 | 15 (12.6) | 1 (1.3) | 0.005 |
| C4-C5 | 28 (23.7) | 0 (0) | < 0.0001 |
| C5-C6 | 30 (25.2) | 0 (0) | < 0.0001 |
| C6-C7 | 12 (10.2) | 0 (0) | 0.004 |
| C2-7 SP coupled motion (AP), n (%) | |||
| C2-C3 | 3 (2.6) | 0 (0) | 0.16 |
| C3-C4 | 11 (9.4) | 0 (0) | 0.006 |
| C4-C5 | 32 (27.4) | 0 (0) | < 0.0001 |
| C5-C6 | 49 (41.9) | 3 (3.9) | < 0.0001 |
| C6-C7 | 9 (7.7) | 4 (5.2) | 0.5 |
| C2-7 facet gapping (AP), n (%) | |||
| C2-C3 | 1 (0.9) | 0 (0) | 0.41 |
| C3-C4 | 14 (12.1) | 0 (0) | 0.002 |
| C4-C5 | 40 (34.5) | 3 (3.9) | < 0.0001 |
| C5-C6 | 44 (37.9) | 0 (0) | < 0.0001 |
| C6-C7 | 15 (12.9) | 1 (1.3) | 0.004 |
| C2-7 facet gapping (obl), n (%) | |||
| C2-C3 | 3 (2.6) | 0 (0) | 0.16 |
| C3-C4 | 14 (12.0) | 0 (0) | 0.002 |
| C4-C5 | 56 (47.9) | 1 (1.3) | < 0.0001 |
| C5-C6 | 49 (41.9) | 2 (2.6) | < 0.0001 |
| C6-C7 | 33 (28.2) | 2 (2.6) | < 0.0001 |
| C2-7 facet symmetry (obl), n (%) | |||
| C2-C3 | 3 (2.6) | 0 (0) | 0.16 |
| C3-C4 | 10 (8.6) | 0 (0) | 0.008 |
| C4-C5 | 32 (27.4) | 3 (3.9) | < 0.0001 |
| C5-C6 | 22 (18.8) | 4 (5.2) | 0.007 |
| C6-C7 | 15 (12.9) | 1 (1.3) | 0.004 |
* t-test for Age and Total abnormal VF findings; Chi-square for all others. Abbreviations: AP = anterior to posterior view, lat = lateral view, obl = oblique view, mm = millimeters, R and L = right and left, SP = spinous process, c-spine = cervical spine.