Table 2.

Smoking prevalence and treatment among urban and rural clinics.

	Rural		Urban
	N	%	N	%	Diff.	95% CI	Chi-sq	p
Total Patients *	50,250		424,424
Assessment	47,196	93.9	375,350	88.4	5.5	5.3, 5.7	1382.1	<0.0001
Smoking **	9751	20.7	52,369	13.9	6.7	6.3, 7.1	1504.4	<0.0001
Total Smokers	9751		52,369
Any Treatment ***	934	9.6	13,526	25.8	−16.2	−16.9, −15.5	1214.5	<0.0001
Brief Advice	310	3.2	10,139	19.4	−16.2	−16.7, −15.7	1537.3	<0.0001
Medication	639	6.6	3929	7.5	−0.9	−1.5, −0.403	10.7	0.001
Additional Counseling Offer	161	1.7	1377	2.6	−1.0	−1.3, −0.68	32.2	<0.0001
Additional Counseling Referral ****	16	0.16	191	0.36	−0.20	−0.302, −0.099	9.4	0.002

* Out of 73 clinics at rural location, five clinics (6.8%) were cancer clinics. Out of 693 clinics at urban location, 40 clinics (5.8%) were cancer clinics. ** For patients without smoking status assessment, if they received any smoking cessation treatment, they would be identified as smokers. Therefore, smoking prevalence in rural and urban clinics were calculated for patients who were assessed and documented as smokers or received any type of smoking cessation treatment (n = 47,220 and 375,561). *** Any treatment is defined as patients receiving medication, brief advice given, or additional counseling was referred. **** For rural clinics, additional counseling referral (n = 16) consisted of engagement in Quitline referral (n = 10), QuitGuide or QuitStart app (n = 2), SmokefreeTXT (n = 2), and already referred at time of visit (n = 2). For urban clinics, additional counseling referral (n = 191) consisted of engagement in Quitline referral (n = 75), QuitGuide or QuitStart app (n = 14), SmokefreeTXT (n = 43), Quitline and app referral (n = 1), Quitline and SmokefreeTXT (n = 8), SmokefreeTXT and app (n = 3), and already referred at time of visit (n = 47).