. 2020 Mar 4;17(5):1680. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17051680

Table 3.

Structural equation models^ of health-related knowledge and health behavior.

	MODEL I.			MODEL II.			MODEL III.
	Health Knowledge (Nutrition)	Breakfast Consumption		Health Knowledge (Nutrition)	Fruits Consumption		Health Knowledge (Nutrition)		Vegetables Consumption
Employment of mother (ref.: employed)	−0.03 [p = 0.523]	0.06 [p = 0.493]		−0.10 [p = 0.124]	0.01 [p = 0.864]		−0.05 [p = 0.505]		−0.03 [p = 0.478]
Employment of father (ref.: employed)	−0.05 [p = 0.083]	−0.02 [p = 0.801]		−0.04 [p = 0.605]	0.01 [p = 0.852]		−0.10 [p = 0.169]		−0.02 [p = 0.722]
Family affluence	−0.08 [p = 0.031]	0.03 [p = 0.720]		−0.17 [p = 0.030]	0.08 [p = 0.159]		−0.17 [p = 0.025]		0.12 [p = 0.082]
Educational attainment of mother (ref.: primary or less)	−0.10 [p = 0.085]	−0.12 [p = 0.262]		−0.15 [p = 0.162]	0.02 [p = 0.797]		−0.16 [p = 0.081]		−0.04 [p = 0.775]
Educational attainment of father (ref.: primary or less)	0.21 [p = 0.002]	−0.06 [p = 0.583]		0.38 [p = 0.012]	−0.01 [p = 0.892]		0.38 [p = 0.008]		−0.05 [p = 0.495]
Age (child)	−0.21 [p = 0.009]	−0.09 [p = 0.460]		−0.42 [p = 0.004]	−0.01 [p = 0.955]		−0.42 [p = 0.034]		−0.24 [p = 0.009]
Gender (child, ref.: boy)	0.24 [p = 0.008]	−0.41 [p = 0.027]		0.48 [p = 0.003]	−0.10 [p = 0.329]		0.49 [p = 0.030]		0.11 [p = 0.334]
Health knowledge (nutrition)		−0.09 [p = 0.529]		.	0.05 [p = 0.179]		.		0.06 [p = 0.065]
Fit statistics of the model	χ²(df) = 10.390 (7); χ²(p−value) = 0.168; CFI = 0.979; RMSEA = 0.050; PCLOSE = 0.431			χ²(df) = 10.319 (7); χ²(p−value) = 0.171; CFI = 0.979; RMSEA = 0.050; PCLOSE = 0.434			χ²(df) = 10.340 (7); χ²(p−value) = 0.170; CFI = 0.980; RMSEA = 0.050; PCLOSE = 0.432
	MODEL IV.					MODEL V.
	Health Knowledge (Nutrition)		Sweets Consumption			Health Knowledge (Nutrition)		Soft Drinks Consumption
Employment of mother (ref.: employed)	−0.05 [p = 0.534]		0.07 [p = 0.358]			−0.02 [p = 0.771]		0.01 [p = 0.979]
Employment of father (ref.: employed)	−0.11 [p = 0.103]		0.10 [p = 0.333]			−0.11 [p = 0.082]		0.10 [p = 0.377]
Family affluence	−0.17 [p = 0.037]		−0.04 [p = 0.460]			−0.16 [p = 0.043]		−0.07 [p = 0.368]
Educational attainment of mother (ref.: primary or less)	−0.16 [p = 0.179]		−0.17 [p = 0.019]			−0.14 [p = 0.226]		−0.18 [p = 0.029]
Educational attainment of father (ref.: primary or less)	0.38 [p = 0.004]		0.04 [p = 0.602]			0.37 [p = 0.012]		−0.13 [p = 0.168]
Age (child)	−0.42 [p = 0.013]		0.07 [p = 0.474]			−0.45 [p = 0.003]		0.27 [p = 0.038]
Gender (child, ref.: boy)	0.47 [p = 0.002]		0.08 [p = 0.495]			0.51 [p = 0.004]		0.06 [p = 0.643]
Health knowledge (nutrition)	.		−0.04 [p = 0.393]			.		−0.08 [p = 0.165]
Fit statistics of the model	χ²(df) = 10.146 (7); χ²(p−value) = 0.180; CFI = 0.982; RMSEA = 0.049; PCLOSE = 0.448					χ²(df) = 10.484 (7); χ²(p−value) = 0.163; CFI = 0.982; RMSEA = 0.051; PCLOSE = 0.423
	MODEL VI.					MODEL VII.
	Health Knowledge (Physical Activity)		Moderate−to−Vigorous Physical Activity			Health Knowledge (Physical Activity)		Vigorous Physical Activity
Employment of mother (ref.: employed)	−0.03 [p = 0.670]		−0.05 [p = 0.500]			−0.08 [p = 0.226]		−0.21 [p = 0.036]
Employment of father (ref.: employed)	−0.02 [p = 0.725]		−0.14 [p = 0.143]			−0.06 [p = 0.410]		−0.21 [p = 0.057]
Family affluence	0.05 [p = 0.331]		0.18 [p = 0.044]			0.09 [p = 0.122]		0.16 [p = 0.023]
Educational attainment of mother (ref.: primary or less)	0.01 [p = 0.926]		−0.04 [p = 0.692]			0.00 [p = 0.984]		−0.05 [p = 0.602]
Educational attainment of father (ref.: primary or less)	0.24 [p = 0.028]		0.06 [p = 0.604]			0.25 [p = 0.013]		0.07 [p = 0.476]
Age (child)	−0.08 [p = 0.470]		−0.22 [p = 0.083]			−0.09 [p = 0.431]		0.02 [p = 0.889]
Gender (child, ref.: boy)	0.28 [p = 0.030]		−0.54 [p = 0.002]			0.27 [p = 0.047]		−0.50 [p = 0.001]
Health knowledge (physical activity)			0.20 [p = 0.025]					0.13 [p = 0.111]
Fit statistics of the model	χ²(df) = 12.531 (7); χ²(p−value) = 0.084; CFI = 0.969; RMSEA = 0.066; PCLOSE = 0.277					χ²(df) = 11.972 (7); χ²(p−value) = 0.101; CFI = 0.972; RMSEA = 0.066; PCLOSE = 0.290

Significant associations are marked in bold. ^ regression weights [p-value]. ref.: reference category. χ²(df) = model chi-squared statistic (degrees of freedom). χ²(p-value) = p-value of the exact-fit hypothesis. CFI = comparative fit index. RMSEA = root-mean-square error of approximation. PCLOSE = p-value for the close-fit hypothesis.