| α-SMA | alpha smooth muscle actin |
| COL1A1 | collagen type 1 alpha1 |
| DMSO | dimethyl sulfoxide |
| HPSCs | human pancreatic stellate cells |
| IL-6 | interleukin-6 |
| MMP2 | metalloproteinases-2 |
| POD | postoperative day |
| POPF | postoperative pancreatic fistula |
| ELISA | enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay |
| p-SMAD | pospho-SMAD |
| SHC | suture holding capacity |
| TGFβ-1 | transforming growth factor-β1 |
| TIMP1 | tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 |
| TNF-α | tumor necrosis factor- α |
| Ct | control |
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