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. 2020 Mar 6;21(5):1825. doi: 10.3390/ijms21051825

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Defects of the innate and the adaptive immune response in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). B-CLL cells harbor B-regulatory properties and play a central role in driving immunosuppression through cell-cell contacts and cytokines release. Deregulation of the immune system includes wide phenotypical changes and functional defects across different elements of the immune surveillance, ultimately promoting tolerance and favoring tumor expansion.