Table 3.

Multiple mixed-effect linear regression models between sleep onset time and cardiometabolic biomarkers (n = 2418)

Models	Triglycerides β (95%CI)	Total cholesterol β (95%CI)	HDL β (95%CI)	LDL β (95%CI)	FPG# β (95%CI)
Model 1	0.12 (0.06,0.18)**	−0.50(−4.33,3.33)	−0.05(− 0.06,-0.03)**	0.06 (0.03,0.09)**	−0.02(− 0.03,0.01)
Model 2	0.12 (0.06,0.18)**	−0.76(− 4.62,3.10)	−0.05(− 0.06,-0.03)**	0.05 (0.02,0.09)**	−0.01(− 0.03,0.01)
Model 3	0.12 (0.06,0.18)**	−0.75(− 4.63,3.12)	−0.05(− 0.06,-0.03)**	0.06 (0.02,0.09)**	−0.01(− 0.03,0.01)

Model 1: sleep onset time + demographic characteristics (age, gender, ethnicity, education, marital status, occupation, economic condition); Model 2: Model 1 + health-related behaviors (smoking, alcohol use, tea drinking, physical exercise); Model 3: Model 2 + physical health (diabetes mellitus, hypertension, BMI); # The model does not include diabetes mellitus; **:P < 0.01; β: β: beta coefficient; 95%CI: 95% confident interval; HDL High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, FPG fasting plasma glucose, All the β are for sleep onset time