Fig. 1.

Effects of the Evodia rutaecarpa (ER) extract on viability of and caspase-3 activity in SKOV-3 ovarian cancer cells. (a) Representative images of cells treated with the control (DMSO) and the ER extract (100 μg/mL) for 24, 48, and 72 h. Scale bar = 10 μm. (b) Viability of and (c) caspase-3 activity in cells treated with the ER extract (1, 10, 50, 100, 500, and 1000 μg/mL) for 24, 48, and 72 h (mean ± SEM). (d) Representative images of colonies formed by control (DMSO)- and ER (100 μg/mL)-treated cells after 72 h of incubation. (e) Numbers of colonies (mean ± SEM). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001