Table 4. Distribution of symptoms and extraintestinal complications among DM patients.
| Feature | Normal, n (%) (N=152) |
Rapid, n (%) (N=27) |
|---|---|---|
| Functional dyspepsia | 45 (30%) | 7 (26%) |
| Nausea and/or vomiting | 62 (41%) | 12 (44%) |
| Gastroesophageal reflux and/or atypical chest pain | 16 (11%) | 1 (4%) |
| Abdominal Pain | 7 (5%) | 4 (3%) |
| Constipation | 71 (47%) | 12 (44%) |
| Diarrhea* | 40 (26%) | 13 (48%) |
| Weight loss* | 43 (28%) | 1 (4%) |
| Extraintestinal complications | ||
| None | 48 (32%) | 10 (37%) |
| One | 54 (36%) | 9 (33%) |
| Two | 38 (25%) | 6 (22%) |
| Three | 12 (8%) | 2 (7%) |
| Peripheral neuropathya | 66 (43%) | 9 (33%) |
| Autonomic neuropathy | 21 (14%) | 4 (15%) |
| Retinopathya | 20 (13%) | 4 (15%) |
| Nephropathya | 79 (52%) | 14 (52%) |
| Proteinuriaa | 16 (11%) | 3 (19%) |
| Renal insufficiencya | 30 (11%) | 6 (11%) |
| Proteinuria and renal insufficiency | 7 (5%) | 2 (7%) |
| Hypertension | 53 (35%) | 6 (22%) |
| Coronary artery diseasea | 23 (15%) | 6 (22%) |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 10 (7%) | 3 (11%) |
*
P<0.05 for univariate associations among groups
a
Values for peripheral neuropathy, retinopathy, proteinuria, renal insufficiency and coronary artery disease were missing in 10, 34, 62, 19 and 10 patients respectively