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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Cerebellum. 2020 Apr;19(2):217–225. doi: 10.1007/s12311-019-01099-1

Table 5.

Mixed effect models to study the associations between baseline cerebellar volume and covariates with cognition in longitudinal follow-up

ADAS-Cog13
NC (n = 227) MCI (n = 393) AD (n = 191)
Factors β p value β p value β p value
Education (years) −0.06 0.004 −0.05 < 0.001 0.01 0.73
Female 0.43 <0.001 −0.14 0.05 −0.06 0.56
Age (decades) 0.29 0.009 −0.02 0.76 −0.16 0.05
APOE4 positivity a −0.11 0.76 0.03 0.74 −0.17 0.2
Cerebellar volume b −0.10 0.19 0.10 0.01 0.02 0.41
Hippocampal volume c 0.002 0.02 −0.29 < 0.001 −0.33 <0.001
Visit 0.02 0.26 0.13 < 0.001 0.29 <0.001
Cerebellar volume x visit d 0.02 0.23 0.02 0.29 0.01 0.59
Hippocampal volume X visit e −0.06 0.001 −0.06 < 0.001 −0.004 0.89
ADAS-Cog11
NC (n = 227) MCI (n = 393) AD (n = 191)
Factors β p value β p value β p value
Education (years) −0.04 0.03 −0.04 < 0.001 0.004 0.81
Female 0.31 0.003 −0.10 0.12 −0.04 0.67
Age (decades) 0.20 0.05 0.01 0.81 −0.1 0.14
APOE4 positivity a −0.04 0.03 −0.006 0.95 −0.18 0.14
Cerebellar volume b −0.08 0.30 0.08 0.04 −0.008 0.89
Hippocampal volume c −0.03 0.73 0.01 0.22 −0.28 <0.001
Visit −0.01 0.42 0.12 < 0.001 0.27 <0.001
Cerebellum volume X visit d 0.02 0.29 0.02 0.22 0.02 0.42
Hippocampal volume X visit e −0.04 0.04 −0.06 < 0.001 −0.004 0.89

APOE: Apolipoprotein E gene, ADAS-Cog = Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale-cognitive subscale, NC = normal cognition, MCI = minimal cognitive impairment, AD = Alzheimer’s disease

a

Zero copy of E4 = 0, One or two copies of E4 = 1

b

Standardized ratio of bilateral cerebellum / intracranial volume

c

Standardized ratio of bilateral hippocampi / intracranial volume

d

Interaction effect between year and the cerebellar volume

e

Interaction effect between year and the hippocampal volume

Results from linear mixed effects model specifying random intercept and random slope run separately by diagnosis category. Coefficients for variable main effects represent relationship between variable and estimated baseline cognition level; coefficients interaction with time represent relationship between variable and cognition slope. Age is centered at the sample mean.