Table 1.
Basic characteristics of participants by use of glucosamine in the UK Biobank cohort
| Glucosamine nonuser | Glucosamine user | |
|---|---|---|
| Participants | 325,920 (80.6) | 78,588 (19.4) |
| Age, years, mean (SD) | 55.1 (8.2) | 58.6 (7.2) |
| Women | 174,537 (53.6) | 49,587 (63.1) |
| White ethnicity | 306,882 (94.2) | 75,446 (96.0) |
| BMI, kg/m2 | ||
| <18.5 | 1,856 (0.6) | 301 (0.4) |
| 18.5–24.9 | 111,539 (34.2) | 26,756 (34.0) |
| 25–29.9 | 140,213 (43.0) | 34,550 (44.0) |
| ≥30 | 72,312 (22.2) | 16,981 (21.6) |
| MET ≥600 min/week | 257,650 (79.1) | 65,379 (83.2) |
| Current smoker | 36,740 (11.3) | 5,097 (6.5) |
| Moderate drinker | 149,088 (45.7) | 37,534 (47.8) |
| Healthy diet | 196,821 (60.4) | 55,946 (71.2) |
| Family history of diabetes | 67,284 (20.6) | 15,615 (19.9) |
| Townsend deprivation index, mean (SD) | −1.3 (3.1) | −1.8 (2.8) |
| Regular anti-inflammatory drugs use | ||
| Aspirin | 26,634 (8.2) | 7,810 (9.9) |
| Nonaspirin NSAIDs | 47,967 (14.7) | 15,253 (19.4) |
| Supplement use | ||
| Vitamin supplements | 85,241 (26.2) | 43,695 (55.6) |
| Mineral supplements | 95,090 (29.1) | 54,424 (69.3) |
| Other diseases status | ||
| History of osteoarthritis or joint pain | 46,118 (14.2) | 24,287 (30.9) |
| Hypertension | 161,476 (49.5) | 40,892 (52.0) |
| High cholesterol | 37,595 (11.5) | 10,309 (13.1) |
Data are n (%) unless otherwise indicated.