Table 4. Cost Estimates for an Average Treatment and Control Site Participating in the Hydrate Philly Intervention, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, July 2017–August 2018^a .

Cost Category	6-Week Summer Program		Annual
	Treatment	Control	Treatment	Control
Drinking water source
Hydration station unit	872	0	872	0
Unit installation (labor)b	743	0	743	0
Water quality testc	128	0	128	0
Water source electricityd , e	4	4	43	45
Waterd , f	3	2	26	17
Annual fountain maintenance (labor)g	5	46	44	395
Average total fountain cost year 1	1,755	52	1,855	457
Total estimated fountain cost years 2–5	47	207	449	1,827
Total cost years 1–5	1,802	258	2,304	2,283
Program materials
Reusable water bottles	424	—	848	—
Promotional materialsh	2,465	—	2,465	—
Staff training	614	—	614	—
Step stools and fountain floor mats	300	—	300	—
Total program materials year 1	3,803	—	4,227	—
Program materials years 2–5	1,697	—	3,393	—
Total cost years 1–5	5,500	—	7,620	—

Abbreviation: —, not applicable.

^a All costs are reported in US dollars.

^b Estimated actual average cost per center to replace existing fountains with hydration stations.

^c Actual cost per center to test water quality, including lead in water.

^d Summer program costs calculated for 30 program days based on use as observed in the study. Annual costs assumed use at same rate for 302 operational days.

^e Based on intervention units using 370 W from Elkay Food Service specification sheet (available from authors on request), control units using an average of 390 W from specification sheets for existing units at baseline, and average price per kWh charged to study centers by their local electric utility. Daily hours of use at full capacity (1.1 h) was based on study data from observations, and remaining hours per day were assumed use at 10% rated watts.

^f Based on average price per gallon charged to study centers by their local water supplier.

^g Maintenance does not include filters and filters were not used in the Hydrate Philly study. Labor costs for maintenance were estimated from data in Table 5 and administrative records of plumbing staff site visits for maintenance issues that could not be resolved with on-site building maintenance staff.

^h Includes cost of graphic design services, group-game posters, and parent and center handouts.