miR-449b-3p directly targets IL-6. (A) IL-6 WT or MUT vector construction scheme. Red letters represent bases mutated. (B) miR-449b-3p binding to IL-6, as shown by the luciferase reporter assay. Data were analyzed using Student's t-tests. (C) IL-6 mRNA of A549 and H1299 cells transfected with miR-449b-3p and anti-miR-449b-3p, respectively, assessed using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. (D) IL-6 protein expression levels of A549 and H1299 transfected with miR-449b-3p and anti-miR-449b-3p, respectively, were assessed using western blot assays. Right panel: Relative protein expression levels of IL-6. (E) Quantification of IL-6 in the culture medium of A549 and H1299 cells transfected with miR-449b-3p and anti-miR-449b-3p, respectively. Data were analyzed using Student's t-tests. (F) Clinical specimens showing an inverse correlation between miR-449b-3p and IL-6 in NSCLC samples. Data were assessed using Spearman's rank correlation analysis. ***P<0.001. IL, interleukin; miR, microRNA; MUT, mutant; NC, negative control; NS, not significant; UTR, untranslated region; WT, wild-type.